very very frightening Well, the obvious triad is: observational. "Behind" the observable, there is the "theoretical", which by definition is not observable (vide Ramsification, as used by Grice, Googlebooks, The conception of Value. and behind the observational-theoretical distinction -- and thus behind 'theoretical' -- there is "decision" -- as per Carnap. Thus consider the alleged analytic judgement, Thunderstorms are electric disturbances in the atmosphere. (observational). Theoretical": definition of electric disturbance. Decision: to treat one electric disturbance as a 'thunderstorm'. Etc. The issues are so elementary that one wonders what political agenda are moving Donal. ---- Cheers, JL Speranza "What is essential is invisible to the eyes" "Therefore what is visible but not to the eyes is --- stupid" In a message dated 1/6/2010 5:18:42 A.M. Eastern Standard Time, donalmcevoyuk@xxxxxxxxxxx writes: For "visible", substitute "observable" [a la _LdF_]. Behind "what", substitute "what, and so on behind that what"? Donal Clearly a question beyond many