There were two Biblical/theological treasures in the Detroit area. One was Rabbi Sherwin Wine the other is Rev. Harry Cook. The former died in an unfortunate accident in Morocco about two years ago. Rev. Harry barely escaped excommunication from the Episcopal Church for heresy. He is now retired, but writes two documents a week. He is free on line. Also, both these men read the Bible in the various languages at or near the time they were written. I asked him about Mike's question and this is what he wrote: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God." Dear Veronica: The above sentence comprises the first line of the document known as "According to John," to make an accurate translation of the Greek "Kata Iohahnays." The word we translate as "in the beginning" (archay) means something like "rule" or "to have begun." "In the beginning" is not the best translation. I think it is translated that way to make it appear to be a reprise of the Hebrew "bayrahsith" as in Genesis 1:1" "In the beginning." The word "Word" is the Greek "logos," which has multiple meanings -- and in this context means something like the "universal intelligence" or "creative force." JOhn whoever "John" might have been) to say that the logos was "with" and "was" God was to lay a foundation for what would come next, i.e., his identification of Jesus Christ with the logos, as in verse 14 of the first chapter: "And the Word (logos) became flesh and dwelt among us." According to John is the most aggressively theological of the four canonical gospels. It comes nowhere close to reporting events. It is an ideological tome from the beginning to the end, and as long as it is read and interpreted as such, no harm is done. Harry www.harrytcook