In a message dated 12/21/2010 8:28:25 A.M. Eastern Standard Time, donalmcevoyuk@xxxxxxxxxxx writes: it is counterfactually false, if Edward had not abdicated and outlived her. ----- Thanks. I thought you would stick on my typo, "Elizabeth III", hence I run to correct myself. Let me check her utterance, by the way: _http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=71698_ (http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=71698) INTERVIEWER: Because I'm not in England, I don't really see it as much. My only experiences with the Queen is when I'm in Leicester Square and I see all these people gathered there to see her car go by. BONHAM CARTER: Well, she's very present at Christmas, because she has to do her broadcast, and we're pretty conscious of her, but it's mostly at royal occasions and things. I have a lot of time for the Queen, and I think she's a very natural person when you meet her, who does her job very well. And ironically, I think she would have been Queen anyway, because Edward VIII would never have had children because he had mumps. Formalisation: "Ironically" -- as per "tragic irony"? --- cfr. Grice's use of 'ironically'. "You can't say, "Ironically, that car has all its windows intact" meaning that one is not". ---- "I THINK" -- rather than "I KNOW" "she" "Elizabeth II" "would STILL have been Queen" emphatic: "ANYWAY" -- or 'anyways' as Geary prefers, to emphatise the ambiguity of historical paths. "because" ------ Not a Hempel-Reichenbach 'causal' because but what Grice calls 'intentional 'because'" ("I vomited because to offend her") "Edward VIII" -- the traitor, to many. "would never have had children" -- never mind Wallis Simpson. Oddly, the interviewer spells her name as "Wallace Simpson". "because" -- in this case it IS the "Hempel-Reichenbach" 'genetic' causal functor. "The rabbit is white because his mother and father were white, too" (Mendel's law), in a 'dominant' sort of 'white'. "he had mumps". ----- Etc. Cheers Speranza ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html