JL: >>So, I'm assuming you (Geary) don't want Lincoln being described as a Xerxes >>at all.<< Don't care one way or another. Lincoln was just another ignorant man fumbling his way through life, believing what he believed without knowing why, wanting what he wanted without knowing why, bowing to the exigencies of survival, rooting up what small pleasures he could in the barren fields of public life. I once thought him a great man, now I hardly ever think of him at all and when I do, the adjective 'great' doesn't come to mind. Too bad he wasn't more imaginative. Surely there could have some other way to resolve the political problem of the day than by killing 620,000 people. He personally didn't kill them, of course. He and every other fool who championed the war did, including my great grandfather Silvius Emory Sweet. Not a very sweet man, in fact, a slave holder. Lost an arm and all his teeth in the battle of Chickamauga. Taken prisoner, he refused to salute the Union flag, a story retold a thousand times by the Sweet family in near sacrosanct tones -- but then, he was missing his right arm, wasn't he? Slavery was no burning issue for Lincoln, it was preserving the Union that drove him. He was content to let the South have her slaves. But after the catastrophes of Shiloh and Antietam, Lincoln realized that he needed a much more emotional reason for fighting the war than simply preserving the Union, so he emancipated the slaves and immediately brought on board the fiery Abolitionists. George Bush must be a student of Lincoln. If there were such a thing as a "great man", I'd nominate Vaclav Havel over Lincoln. When the Slovaks decided they couldn't stomach being linked with the Czechs any longer, Mr. Havel didn't send in the troops, he said, "Fine. Go in peace." Wow! Now that's a great human being! What if Lincoln had done that? Would the U.S. be what it is today? Probably not. We might have been better, might have been worse. We'll never know. The omniscient God knows though. I wonder does He grieve over our missed opportunity? Does He walk the clouds wondering what He might have done to tip the scales more towards reconciliation. Does He wring His hands bemoaning the lost counterfactual that if the U.S. had broken up, we'd never have become a world power and used that power so recklessly and with such disdain for His other souls? When I'd ask my father questions he couldn't answer, he'd bite his lower lip and say: "I don't know. When you die, be sure to ask God." Took some of the sting out of the thought of death anyway. Mike Geary Memphis