I cannot find the examples by Ziff, if Ziff it was; perhaps it was Zipf. Who knows. I tend to remember it was an American thing. ---- I wrote recently on 'mise-en-abyme'. I used Grice's example of psycholinguistic processing. Grice refers to w'ffn proof, too! Anyway, this in wiki under recursion may serve to refute Witters on not having a clear concept of 'sentence': --- Linguist Noam Chomsky theorizes that unlimited extension of a language such as English is possible only by the recursive device of embedding sentences in sentences. Thus, a chatty person may say, "Dorothy, who met the wicked Witch of the West in Munchkin Land where her wicked Witch sister was killed, liquidated her with a pail of water." Clearly, two simple sentences — "Dorothy met the Wicked Witch of the West in Munchkin Land" and "Her sister was killed in Munchkin Land" — can be embedded in a third sentence, "Dorothy liquidated her with a pail of water," to obtain a very verbose sentence. However, if "Dorothy met the Wicked Witch" can be analyzed as a simple sentence, then the recursive sentence "She lived in the house Jack built" could be analyzed that way too, if "Jack built" is analyzed as an adjective, "Jack-built", that applies to the house in the same way "Wicked" applies to the Witch. "She lived in the Jack-built house" is unusual, perhaps poetic sounding, but it is not clearly wrong. --- Cheers, J. L. Speranza Buenos Aires, Argentina **************Download the AOL Classifieds Toolbar for local deals at your fingertips. (http://toolbar.aol.com/aolclassifieds/download.html?ncid=emlcntusdown00000004) ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html