In a message dated 9/21/2004 1:37:11 PM Eastern Standard Time, atlas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx writes: I've said it before and I'll say it again because some people don't seem to be paying attention. "War is war." and "Women are women" are NOT tautologies. "War is war" is a expression predicating something about war. "War is war" means cruelty and brutality and mercilessness are to be expected. It says that whatever happens is OK because all ethics are out the window once war begins. That is not a tautology. Only the most literal-minded, anal-retentive, analytical, biblical-inerrantcistic person would call "war is war" a tautology. Likewise for "women are women". That's an expression popular with men who shrink before the complex emotional lives of women and seek shelter in idiocy. "Women are women" means "I don't know what the hell she wants." Not a tautology. Hoping to have settled this once and for all, Mike Geary Midtown. Some say: Midtown is Memphis. I say Midtown is Midtown. Memphis is Memphis. No tautologies there either. ----- Point taken. Grice (and the anal-retentives) would say that that's pretty much what the, oops, tautology, expresses -- yet not _says_. The whole point of the conversational-implicature manoeuvre is that while some things say little, they _implicate_ not little (i.e. much). Geary's diagnosis may be tested via the 'cancellability' test: "War is war -- but I don't mean to imply it's brutish -- or even brutal -- thing. Just that it's war.' The problem with 'Women are women' is the plural. I prefer "Woman is woman", which, if less idiomatic, is more logically correct. Again, that thing about emotionality is pretty cancellable: "Women is women -- I don't mean emotional, just a woman'. And, to answer Erin's point, "That's that" _is_ a tautology, providing you keep pointing at the _same_ thing while you say the first 'that' and the second 'that'. Otherwise it's a contradiction. Cheers, JL ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html