In a message dated 11/5/2004 5:16:22 PM Eastern Standard Time, ritchierd@xxxxxxxxxxxxx writes: "The Journaling Ling Cod Journal" is popular, but many also read "Pisces," the journal put out by the Jacques Cousteau Institute for sub-aquatic and trans-disciplinary studies. I find it all very fishy. ---- Mmm. I was wondering if for _any_ (English) word, X, there is or has been a X Studies. (e.g. a la Arctic Studies). The OED does not seem to recognise this use of 'studies', but I found slightly similar. Dunbar spake of "euery study", too. Cheers, JL --- study. A department of study; the cultivation of a particular branch of learning or science. Often in collect. pl., a person's work as a student. 1477 EARL RIVERS (Caxton) Dictes 16 Ypocras..was the first fynder of the art of phisike whiche he shewed and taught to his children... And commaunded that they shulde dwelle in the middel habitacion of grece in iii. Isles. And ypocras rested in the Ile of Thau. And in the ij. other Isles the studye was lost in his dayes. 1500-20 DUNBAR Poems lxv. 4 To speik of science, craft, or sapience,..Off euerie study, lair, or discipline. 1538 STARKEY England II. iii. 203 The ordur of studys in vnyuersytes must..be amendyd. 1591 SHAKES. Two Gent. I. i. 67 Thou Iulia thou hast metamorphis'd me: Made me neglect my Studies, loose my time. 1594 R. ASHLEY tr. Loys le Roy 24 The learning of the Athenians was lost in Athens; only remaining in that towne the school or house of studies. 1597 BACON Ess., Studies (Arb.) 6 Studies serue for pastimes, for ornaments and for abilities. 1677 JOHNSON in Ray's Corr. (1848) 128 In the meantime wishing you success in your studies, I rest, &c. 1756-9 A. BUTLER Lives of Saints, S. Peter Damian, He gave a considerable time to sacred studies. 1788 A. HUGHES Henry & Isabella III. 5 Is she persuaded to apply to any particular study, such as music, painting, &c. because her father is fond of it? 1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 175/1 He began his studies at the gymnasium of Coburg in 1638. 1864 TENNYSON Aylmer's F. 394 Back would he to his studies, make a name. 1874 BLACKIE Self-Cult. 30 So far from rushing hastily into merely professional studies, a young man should rather [etc.]. 1892 LADY F. VERNEY Verney Mem. I. 122 Ralph still going on with his studies at Oxford. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html