In a message dated 1/25/2014 1:59:01 A.M. Eastern Standard Time, john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx writes: I am particularly struck by that line, The kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations cannot be transferred to philosophy... and I am struck by Principia Mathematica. The idea behind Whitehead and Russell was that Logicism, a branch of Philosophy, was to provide the grounds for Mathematics. In other words, I would hold that it is a philosophical statement to issue: i. The kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations cannot be transferred to philosophy. Therefore, there is something contradictory about this: ii. Philosophy tells us that the kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations cannot be transferred to philosophy. McCreery entitled his post, "Shall we consider another philosopher?". Why not philosophers? Grice/Strawson, in "In defense of a dogma", of analyticity, regard that the kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations is of the analytic type on which philosophers exceed! In his later career, Grice, alla Kant, hoped to transfer "the kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations" (to use the phrase by this Belgian philosopher of science), alla Spinoza, to ethics ("Aspects of Reason"): after all, there is nothing more of the kind of necessity proper to mathematical demonstrations than Kant's categorical imperative. Granted, Grice would suggest that if we should consider another philosopher, that should be Kantotle! (seeing that McCreery quotes from Ethica Nichomachea). Cheers, Speranza ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html