"Most of everything is what it is, utterly indifferent to human definitions" Yes, of course, the earth was round, nature is not a human plaything, democracy was not on the march, etc. etc. The problem is humans are indifferent to everything unless they agree that it exists, that it's important, that it's not important, etc. Reality doesn't enter into the picture. To question anything is literally heresy, whether religious or political or any other kind. Humans also talk a good line about definitions but that's as far it goes most of the time. --- On Fri, 6/6/08, John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: From: John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: [lit-ideas] Re: On Nip Thievery To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Date: Friday, June 6, 2008, 3:16 AM On Fri, Jun 6, 2008 at 12:09 PM, Andy <mimi.erva@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: Everything is whatever people agree it is Here I must demur. Most of everything is what it is, utterly indifferent to human definitions, which, even when backed by solid evidence, are at best approximations to whatever that is. Becker's comment applies only to definitions, a particular form of social construct and a very small subset of what might be known, but mostly isn't. John --- On Fri, 6/6/08, John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: From: John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: [lit-ideas] Re: On Nip Thievery To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Date: Friday, June 6, 2008, 2:47 AM Just to do my bit toward driving everyone crazy, allow me to offer a Trick of the Trade (the trade being sociology) suggested by Howard Becker in a book with that title (and, by the way, a lot better written than a lot of what passes for literature). Literature is....drum roll...whatever people agree it is. Since literature is an only partially professionalized field (there are academic departments but no legal sanctions), agreement is rare and no one has enforceable authority to impose one. Purported definitions thus count as no more than moves in intellectual struggles whose outcome remains unresolved. No agreement, no definition, the game may be fun but not to be taken too seriously. John (Hunkered down in an air-conditioned house in hot, steamy Corpus Christi, Texas, waiting on the imminent birth of grandchild No. 2) -- John McCreery The Word Works, Ltd., Yokohama, JAPAN Tel. +81-45-314-9324 http://www.wordworks.jp/