Regarding the too recent quote in the OED under 'offence' 2001 Times 7 Mar. I. 4/4 The BBC said that the show was jokey and not intended to give offence, but apologised if it had done so. Note it's a conditional. In logical form (By x, TAKE(ADDRESSEE, OFFENCE)) --> (APOLOGISE(UTTERER, ADDRESSEE)) Utterer ready to apologise on condition that addressee took offense. I like the idea of GIVE <---> TAKE offense offense How can you take offense if offense was not given. Think of St.Valentine Candy: I cannot take the gift if none was given. Replace "Valentine Candy' by 'offence'. The trick of this is that unless it's couched in this conditional terms, the utterer would be conceding too much: "I apologise for possibly having offended the addresee" or "I apologise just in case" The latter does not sound _serious_ or _earnest_. One can only apologise (successfully) if an offence has been given by the utterer and taken by the addressee. No offence can be taken unless the offence was given (OR MEANT). No offense MEANT LOGICALLY IMPLIES No offense taken. It's many things the addressee can TAKE (resentment, sorrow, depression), but not OFFENSE because none has been meant to be given. Here is where the case is strictly parallel to NO PUN INTENDED. -- where 'intended' = meant. "No pun intended" becomes DOUBLY offensive: "No pun intended so whatever your silly mind takes out of my ambiguities, and figures of rhetoric, it's all y our SILLY MIND which is responsible for -- I never intended it." If QUINTILIAN were alive, he would be turning in his cenotaph. Cheers, JL ************************************** See what's new at http://www.aol.com