Even if this approach (giving a kind of factual explanation for how morals evolve) were correct (and who would doubt there is not some kind of factual explanation?) unless it amounted to a deterministic explanation, it is only a theory of likely "constraints" on what we would or would not regard as moral and would not refute the position that whatever factual explanation there might be for morals we can still ask whether those morals are right [see Popper on "The Dualism of Facts and Standards" in the Addendum to _The Open Society_ Vol.2]. There were other points that arose but then my mind was distracted by '"Various" factors with "various" weights? Is that not a little vague? But Duke's Owen Flanagan Jr. defends this highly pragmatic view of morality. "Where we get a lot of pushback from philosophers is that they'll say, 'If you go this naturalistic route that Flanagan and Churchland go, then you make ethics merely a theory of prudence.' And the answer is, Yeah, you kind of do that. Morality doesn't become any different than deciding what kind of bridge to build across a river. The reason we both think it makes sense is that the other stories"—that morality comes from God, or from philosophical intuition—"are just so implausible."' Pushback. Where did I last hear that term? Ah, yeh. Kelly Jones of the Stereophonics used it to explain why Welshmen like to take their sheep right to the edge of a cliff. Great pushback. Donal --- On Tue, 21/6/11, John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: From: John McCreery <john.mccreery@xxxxxxxxx> Subject: [lit-ideas] More exasperation for our Kantians To: "Lit-Ideas" <lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Date: Tuesday, 21 June, 2011, 22:03 Interesting Chronicle of Higher Education review of Patricia Churchland's latest book. John -- John McCreery The Word Works, Ltd., Yokohama, JAPAN Tel. +81-45-314-9324 jlm@xxxxxxxxxxxx http://www.wordworks.jp/ ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html