Robert Paul wrote: "I'm not sure I understand the real difference between Bush's 'acknowledging' the UN before invading Iraq, and (let's say Putin's) ignoring it before invading Georgia." The difference is both real and important. Bush could be held accountable to the principles and ideals of the U.N. before and after the invasion of Iraq because Iraq was a question before the U.N. The invasion of Georgia was never brought up in the U.N. and therefore can be an issue for the U.N. only as a fait accompli. The countries of the world could debate whether Iraq should or should not be invaded, and so the legitimacy of the invasion remains a subject of lively debate. The countries of the world can only debate what to do with Georgia now that it is largely under the control of Russia. There will be no global debate about the legitimacy of the invasion of Georgia, only debate as to how to respond to conditions on the ground. The difference is one between Kant's rule of law and Hobbes' rule of nature. The question for the U.N. will be whether it has the strength of conviction to bring this Russian act of power politics under the rule of law. This show of character will largely depend on whether the U.S. is willing to allow for the international rule of law. Sincerely, Phil Enns Yogyakarta, Indonesia ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html