In a message dated 8/24/2010 11:00:22, judithevans001@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx writes: I do know who Andrew McCarthy is. ---- Oddly, I read that to read, "I do NOT know who Andrew McCarthy is". And was reminded of a discussion I was held elsewhere on Dummett. In general, we can say that, say, Judith Evans -- I use "McEvoy" as an example, out of politeness -- to say things like: McEvoy knows who Andrew McCarthy is. Or its negation: McEvoy doesn't know who Andrew McCarthy is. One thing, Dummett holds, that holds, is: McEvoy knows that Andrew McCarthy IS Andrew McCarthy. Dummett discusses this vis a vis Frege's rather stupid claims about the 'sense' and 'reference' of a proper name. In the case of "Andrew McCarthy", when we say we know who he is, we mean -- a male, heterosexual (or homosexual) journalist, or writer, or guitar playing, who is a red-haired, or not, and lives in Paris, or Frankfurt, or not, and has a dog. All the things we know about Andrew McCarthy constitute what Dummett calls the 'dossier'. In general, when conversing, we choose the right dossier. ----- Andrew McCarthy did that. ----- Did what? ----- walked the dog without a leash. ---- Andrew McCarthy? ---- The owner of that big Dane the house overlooking the river. In other conversations, other 'descriptions' attached to the 'dossier' "Andrew McCarthy" may be more appropriate. Speranza -- Bordighera ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html