In a message dated 4/6/2011 6:50:50, donalmcevoyuk@xxxxxxxxxxx writes: If so, why does JLS fail to see how this can prove anything? ---- Perhaps we need to be reminded of the Sources. Geary knows the Thora. And he has a semi-completed biography of Moses. In those days (with no digital watches), it is unlikely that he (Moses) would have pinpoint to a specific time ("Moses died at 1:51 a.m."). Without Greenwich having been discovered, precise location in terms of Long. and Lat. is also unlikely. Perhaps what we find is some vague statement like, "Moses felt dizzy; the next morning he was dead." ------ In fact, Moses would be the first to know of possible causes for his demise. Yet, Hobbes is given credit for having conclusively shown that the Thora "could not have been written by Moses since they include a reference to Moses". The argument seems to rely on a case of 'petitio principii': "Moses is dead," said Moses. It's like Moore's paradox, "It is raining, but I don't believe it". What Yost calls a 'pragmatic contradiction' (His example is the ITM lady who asks him, "Can I ask you a question?"). But if it is a _pragmatic_ contradiction, it is not a LOGICAL contradiction. Plus, we don't know if the two "Moses" are co-referential. The "Moses" referred to in the Thora may be a different Moses from the Moses in Exodus, say. (After all, it is likely that a lot of mothers called their children "Moses" after the 'famous' one). Etc. Speranza ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html