Donal wrote: "Absent anything explicit, Phil would have us believe there can be no rational argument as to what is implicit here." I would have people believe no such thing. In fact, I very clearly implied the need for rational argument when I wrote: 'Since Donal's claims concern what is implicit, the appropriate response is not a rebuttal or refutation but rather an acknowledgement that the claim is convincing or not.' As I understand it, to be convinced is to be convinced with reasons. My point is that the rational argument in this case is of a kind that does not permit proof or demonstration, only more or less convincing. And in this case, Donal's argument is not convincing, and in need of more and better rational arguments. Explicitly, Phil Enns ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html