In a message dated 8/26/2013 8:25:46 P.M. Eastern Daylight Time, lawrencehelm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx writes in his "The difference" post: http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2013/mar/25/derrida-excluded-favorite/ The following is quoted from Derrida in the above review of a biography of Derrida: “He traced this impulse in thinkers from Aristotle to Heidegger, famously arguing, for example, that a tendency to favor the immediacy of speech over the remoteness of writing was untenable. (Aristotle’s formulation: “ Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words are the symbols of spoken words.”) Through a series of deft and delicate maneuvers, Derrida sought to show that speech is inextricable from writing, no more or less authentic."" The issue is whether we agree. I never liked Aristotle much __on that_. It's the famous locus classicus in "De interpretatione". I think he uses 'phantasma' along the way. Rather than Heidegger, I would quote from Locke, who would say that spoken words IMMEDIATELY signify ideas and mediately signify things. I forget what Locke (if anything) said about SPOKEN words, but his Book III is indeed entitled, "The Way of Words". I wouldn't know about ALL languages, but it would be good to trace the 'phonic' vs. 'graphic' distinction (or "différance" as it applies to Indo-Germanic, or Indo-European (as you may prefer). ---- The reviewer, above, in the references to "deft and delicate" Derridean manoeuvres may be aiming at an implicature, or not. I actually like Derrida's neologisms, if that's what they are. "Différance" being a good one, full of implicatures. Cheers, Speranza -- From wiki: Différance is a French term coined by Jacques Derrida, deliberately homophonous with the word "différence". Différance plays on the fact that the French word différer means both "to defer" and "to differ." ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html