According to the good old History Channel, the Soviet Union was instrumental in avoiding nuclear war several times, going right back to the standoff between Kennedy and Kruschev. The American military had been sporting for a fight, but Kennedy had the wherewithal, after the Bay of Pigs, to not take their advice. At the time, nuclear weaponry was relatively new, and few people, even in the Pentagon, knew the true extent of its power (sounds amazing, doesn't it?). Hence the advice by the government to duck and cover, as if covering one's head under a desk would prevent incineration. No one, including Secretary of Defense McNamara, knew how nuclear weapons compared to conventional weapons. In a trip by McNamara to the Soviet Union, the Russians essentially made clear to him what nuclear war meant. He returned from the trip, and in a private one-on-one meeting with John Kennedy (one-on-ones with the President virtually never happened) told Kennedy that no matter what the Russians do, not matter what, whether it be invade France, invade Germany, no matter what they do, do not, under any circumstances, do not use nuclear weapons. Not coincidentally, it was the Russians who pulled out during the missile crisis. Andy Amago -----Original Message----- From: Scribe1865@xxxxxxx Sent: May 21, 2004 4:49 PM To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [lit-ideas] Bet you didn't know Stanislav saved the world... Ex-Soviet Officer Honored for Prudence Ignored Alarm in 1983 that Wrongly Signaled Incoming U.S. Minuteman Missiles MOSCOW (May 21) - A retired Soviet military officer was honored Friday for averting a potential nuclear war in 1983 by ignoring an alarm that said the United States had launched a ballistic missile, a U.S.-based peace association said on its Web site. Lt. Col. Stanislav Petrov was in charge of the Soviet Union's early warning system when the system wrongly signaled the launch of a U.S. Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile in September 1983. Petrov had to decide within 20 minutes whether the report was accurate and whether he should launch missiles in retaliation, the Vlast magazine reported in 1998. At the time of the incident, tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union were high. The Soviet military had recently shot down a Korean Air Lines jet that strayed over Soviet airspace, killing all 269 people on board. Petrov decided the alarm was false and did not launch a retaliatory strike. The article said Petrov suffered severe stress after the incident and spent several months in hospitals before being discharged from the military. On Friday, the San-Francisco-based Association of World Citizens, a worldwide organization promoting peace, presented Petrov with the World Citizen Award and launched a campaign to raise $1,000 for the Russian, who receives only a meager pension. "All the 20 years that passed since that moment, I didn't believe I had done something extraordinary. I was simply doing my job and I did it well," Petrov said on Russia's NTV television. 05/21/04 12:50 EDT Copyright 2004 The Associated Press. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html