i can not submit in bbs, so i post my understanding about find_vma here, u can combine the post in bbs to see it. ------------------------------------------------- /* Look up the first VMA which satisfies addr < vm_end, NULL if none. */ so it return the nearest address as u said. and the code list there is different with 2.4.20 code. u may try to read 2.4.20 code directly. and http://www.csn.ul.ie/~mel/projects/vm/guide/text/understand.txt http://www.csn.ul.ie/~mel/projects/vm/guide/text/code.txt may help u to understand it. -------------------------------------------- ming