All, The two possible applications of [External Model] are SerDes/AMI, and normal Buffer Models. Normal Buffer Models are not LTI and therefore IBIS-ISS does not apply. When IBIS-BSS (Buffer Subcircuits) is defined then one can consider adding IBIS-BSS to [External Model]. IBIS-BSS is not LTI, uses PWL voltage controlled sources, level sensors, and a time function. I point out that IBIS would not consider EMD until IBIS-ISS was defined and approved. SerDes AMI models do not have digital input and digital output. The A/D and D/A converters make no sense. All of the stuff inside of [External Model] makes no sense for LTI SerDes Tx and Rx models which just have analog differential inputs and analog differential outputs. They are always four port subckts. They can always be represented as an s4p, or the IBIS-ISS subsckts described in BIRD 122. The only functionality needed is to define some simple [Model] (or AMI keywords) that either point to an s4p Touchstone file, or a couple of simple template 4 port IBIS-ISS subckts. So why have a complicated gobbledygook change to [External Model] when [External Model] by definition does not address the needs of LTI, SerDes/AMI buffers. Walter Walter Katz <mailto:wkatz@xxxxxxxxxx> wkatz@xxxxxxxxxx Phone 303.449-2308 Mobile 303.335-6156