At the Xen Summit at Oracle's headquarters a few month ago, someone gave a talk on sharing memory pages between Xen DomUs (guest operating systems) by comparing checksums of page data. Only one copy of two or more identical pages need be kept resident. You'd use the MMU to implement a copy-on-write system, so that if one of the DomUs tried to change a page that was shared, a fresh copy would be created for its private use. Conceivably this sort of thing could be done on any operating system, even without the use of a virtual machine, to take advantage of any pages that happened to have identical content. I don't know how likely that would be to ever happen in practice, but perhaps it would be worth the effort to investigate. Mike -- Michael David Crawford mdcrawford at gmail dot com GoingWare's Bag of Programming Tricks http://www.goingware.com/tips/