Dear Paul. I can't bothered reading your rebuttal i don't have the time! The wobble or precession is well documented in standard astronomy books. We are saying it is wrong for the reasons we give which are the same reasons why helio's concoct the wobble to account for no movement detected. Jack ----- Original Message ----- From: Paul Deema To: geocentrism@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Friday, October 26, 2007 6:25 AM Subject: [geocentrism] Re: Steven's points Steven J, Jack L I don't know what this 'wobble' is that you guys keep bringing up. If it's the precession of the equinoxes then it's irrelevant. See here (first two paragraphs are sufficient for this purpose). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precession_of_the_equinoxes The precession of Earth's axis of rotation with respect to inertial space is also called the precession of the equinoxes. Like a wobbling top, the direction of the Earth's axis is changing; while today, the North Pole points roughly to Polaris, over time it will change. Because of this wobble, the position of the earth in its orbit around the sun at the moment of the equinoxes and solstices will also change. The term precession typically refers only to the largest periodic motion. Other changes of Earth's axis are nutation and polar motion; their magnitude is very much smaller. Currently, this annual motion is about 50.3 seconds of arc per year or 1 degree every 71.6 years. The process is slow, but cumulative. A complete precession cycle covers a period of approximately 25,765 years, the so called Platonic year, during which time the equinox regresses a full 360° through all twelve constellations of the zodiac. Precessional movement is also the determining factor in the length of an astrological age. None of us will sit around for even one degree's worth of this. Could you be talking about nutation or polar motion? I'd guess not but I'm open to suggestion. That leaves rotation about the celestial polar axis and rotation about the ecliptic polar axis. The celestial polar axis is easy -- let's get that out of the way first. We are agreed that there is relative radial motion of the sky about the celestial polar axis or the Earth on its axis or some combination of these two and that the time scale is once per sidereal day. Our disagreement is about just what is rotating and what -- if anything -- is still. The difficulty comes when rotation about the ecliptic polar axis is being considered. This rotation is centred on the ecliptic poles which are on a line through the plane of the ecliptic and orthogonal to it, the period being one year. If you want to see (photograph) it, you'll first have to place the ecliptic pole in the centre of the frame. Secondly, you'll have to observe it over a period of something approaching months by recording one image each night -- at midnight is convenient -- and building up a composite of all the images. I managed to visualize this in my head -- it seems to me you should be able to do the same, but if not, use a table top, salt and pepper shakers, whatever, as props. Then, placing your salt shaker towards the edge of the table, imagine it looking up toward a point on the ceiling removed to a very great distance. Take a mental image, then take one pace around the table and repeat until you arive back at your start point. If you now integrate all those images, you'll see that the ceiling has -- relatively speaking -- rotated a full 360 degrees. This time I'll use this colour to insert a comment or two below. Paul D oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo