1. There is a fundamental difference between angular displacement as show in the top drawing verse a angular view..All you are describing Ja is a angular view. There is no problem observing a rotational effect even with a angular view. A angular view does not and will not ever make the motion or its effects disappear. Even Regner agreed. 2. Stars on the same celestial latitude are not the issue here. No one is arguing that the stars will be in motion on their various latitudes. The cameras change on the latitude itself ( around any circle of latitude) is not the issue. That motion is irrelevant. If the rotation of HC exist the latitude itself (stars on a latitude that sits 23.44 degrees to the celestial axis) wrt the cameras orientation would and must change, otherwise you cannot claim the motions as per HC period. You are confusing the cameras circular rotation around a given latitude with the orbital rotational motion. That motion would and must show stars out of their given nightly celestial latitudes particularly the ones that sit near the ecliptic axis of rotation. j a <ja_777_aj@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: Refer to your 3d drawing. The camera you have maintains a parrallel position to the nightly axis, but to the annual axis the angle changes. If the left most earth is the start point and the camera is pointing 23.44 degrees to the left of the annual axis and 6 months later earth is on the far right.... the camera, while turned 180 degrees, is still pointing 23.44 degrees to the left, when if you had wished to record the annual axis, the camera should now be angled 23.44 degrees to the right of the annual axis. Place a star (think Polaris and place near the nightly axis) on your drawing and think about where it will fall on the photo plate for the two positions, far left earth and far right earth.... the camera as you have it positioned will only record positions which correspond to the nightly..... j a <ja_777_aj@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: The camera, when fixed to the earth follows the nightly axis and thus changes orientation with regard to any other axis, including the 24 hour path you are trying to use to record an annual... it still moves around the nightly axis and thereby changes angles with the annual. Think of the difference between the camera locations and angle to the annual axis when the camera is 6 months apart.... From winter to summer is the easiest to see.... don't use fall to spring. Allen Daves <allendaves@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: The cameras orientation to any and all axis or latitudes in the sky never changes .... Allen Daves <allendaves@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: Blue...... Allen, Your conception and logic are all correct, except for camera position during recording. The camera postion never changes ..?The camera must maintain the same angle to the axis in question during recording. It does!.I have demonstrated this as a fact not jsut the circular reasoning that keeps getting passed around...( you can only see it if there is a rotation.. There is no rotation, that?s why you can?t see it)..Never mind that the cameras orientation to the common point in question is in a radial orientation to that point every 24 hours and the angle of the camera never changes to the axis we are trying to observe and that simply looking away does not make it or the effect go away ...!? The camera in all cases under consideration (and in my drawing) still rotate about the nightly axis, therefore it will only record a nightly star trail. That is a assertion that is the point of discussion here. However, It also rotates around the ecliptic axis. the orbit also translates to the ecliptic plane not the celestial axis. the two are not one and the same thing. In order to record an annual star trail, the camera must rotate about the annual axis..and to do that you must change the angle of the camera with each photo.absolutly not.. but this would work for a fictitious axis too. yes any path that can produce a radial oreintaion to a common point. JA... --------------------------------- Be a better sports nut! Let your teams follow you with Yahoo Mobile. Try it now. --------------------------------- Be a better pen pal. Text or chat with friends inside Yahoo! Mail. See how. --------------------------------- Get easy, one-click access to your favorites. Make Yahoo! your homepage.