One nice thing about this list is we are allowed to disagree! I feel that the human touch on the reins in long-lining a horse in circles and figure 8's can much more easily assist a horse in rebalancing itself to shift the weight to the rear and lighten the front. This move is something most horses do when at liberty and in a good frame of mind, it just becomes difficult when asked to do it: 1. In Draught 2. When performing turns By doing it by hand you can indicate when it is required and you may also immediately slack off in reward to the horse when it occurs...but even more important, you can judge when is a good time to ask for more and when to let the horse relax and get their head together. The days of setting the head by putting a horse in a stall for hours with a bit and sidecheck are not over...but I feel they learn to avoid the pressure...and in some cases pain...rather than to engage. Now if you are driving a Shetland with a propensity for grazing whenever possible the ADS shoudl take pity and permit some sotr of protection! Twisted chain bits are still made, sold and purchased...should they be used? Kenneth, I don't think that the ADS made the rule...informed horsemanship asked fo rit. But then I could be totally wrong...let's all talk it over. Helen and I emailed recently, and woudl like to encourage everyoine to get back to talking...we apologize if recent postings convering posting of off-topc posting might intimidate any list member into being afraid to post...Kenneth did and you should. -- noel jones, aago athens, tennessee, usa ------------------------------- frog music press rodgers organ users group www.frogmusic.com _________________________________________________________ To Unsubscribe, change to Digest or Vacation mode go to: http://www.drivingpairs.com/dpmem.html `````````````````````````````````````````````````````````