----- Forwarded Message ----- From: Yuji Tamura <ernad@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>To:
"nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" <nep-mig@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>Sent: Tuesday, May 15, 2018,
1:40:52 PM GMT+2Subject: [nep-mig] 2018-05-14, eight papers
|
| nep-mig | New Economics Papers |
| on Economics of Human Migration |
| Issue of 2018‒05‒14
eight papers chosen by
Yuji Tamura
La Trobe University
| |
- More Opportunity, More Cooperation? The Behavioral Effectsof Birthright
Citizenship on Immigrant Youth ByChristina Felfe;MartinG.
Kocher;HelmutRainer;JudithSaurer;ThomasSiedler
- Emigration, remittances and the subjective well-being ofthose staying
behind ByArtjomsIvlevs;MilenaNikolova;CarolGraham
- Illegal Immigration, Unemployment, and MultipleDestinations
ByKazMiyagiwa;YasuhiroSato
- Selective immigration policies, occupational licensing, andthe quality of
migrants’ education-occupation match ByTani, Massimiliano
- Long-Term Relatedness between Countries and InternationalMigrant Selection
ByKrieger,Tim;Renner,Laura;Ruhose,Jens
- On the Role of Migration on the Satisfaction of EuropeanResearchers:
Evidence from MORE2 ByJewell,Sarah;Kazakis, Pantelis
- The Changing Structure of Immigration to the OECD: WhatWelfare Effects on
Member Countries? ByMichalBurzynski;Frédéric Docquier;HillelRapoport
- Migration and business cycle dynamics ByChristieSmith;Christoph Thoenissen
- More Opportunity, MoreCooperation? The Behavioral Effects of Birthright
Citizenship on ImmigrantYouth
| By: | Christina Felfe;MartinG.
Kocher;HelmutRainer;JudithSaurer;ThomasSiedler |
| Abstract: | Inequality of opportunity, particularly when overlaid
with racial, ethnic,orcultural differences, increases the social distance
between individuals, whichis widely believed to limit the scope of cooperation.
A central question,then, is how to bridge such divides. We study the effects of
a majorcitizenship reform in Germany—the introduction of birthright citizenship
onJanuary 1, 2000—in terms of inter-group cooperation and social
segregationbetween immigrant and native youth. We hypothesize that endowing
immigrantchildren with citizenship rights levels the playing field between them
andtheir native peers, with possible spill-overs into the domain of
socialinteractions. Our unique setup connects a large-scale
lab-in-the-fieldexperiment based on the investment game with the citizenship
reform byexploiting the quasi-random assignment of citizenship rights around
itscut-off date. Immigrant youth born prior to the reform display high levels
ofcooperation toward other immigrants, but low levels of cooperation
towardnatives. The introduction of birthright citizenship caused male, but
notfemale, immigrants to significantly increase their cooperativeness
towardnatives. This effect is accompanied by a near-closure of the
educationalachievement gap between young immigrant men and their native peers..
|
| JEL: | C93 D90J15 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6991&r=mig ;|
- Emigration,remittances and the subjective well-being of those staying
behind
| By: | ArtjomsIvlevs (University of the West of
England);MilenaNikolova (University of Maryland, College Park);CarolGraham (The
Brookings Institution) |
| Abstract: | Despite growing academic and policy interest in the
subjective well-beingconsequences of emigration for those left behind, existing
studies havefocused on single origin countries or specific world regions. Our
study is thefirst to offer a global perspective on the well-being consequences
ofemigration for those staying behind using several subjective
well-beingmeasures (evaluations of best possible life, positive affect, stress,
anddepression). Drawing upon Gallup World Poll data for 114 countries
during2009-2011, we find that both having family members abroad and
receivingremittances are positively associated with evaluative well-being
(evaluationsof best possible life) and positive affect (measured by an index of
variablesrelated to experiencing positive feelings at a particular point in
time). Ouranalysis provides novel results showing that remittances are
particularlybeneficial for evaluative well-being in less developed and more
unequalcontexts; in richer countries, only the out-migration of family members
ispositively associated with life evaluations, while remittances have
noadditional association. We also find that having household members abroad
islinked with increased stress and depression, which are not offset
byremittances. The out-migration of family members appears more traumatic
incontexts where migration is less common, such as more developed countries,
andspecific world regions, such as Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa, as
wellas among women. Relying on subjective well-being measures, which reflect
bothmaterial and non-material aspects of life and are broad measures
ofwell-being, allows us to provide additional insights and a more
well-roundedpicture of the possible consequences of emigration on migrant
family membersstaying behind relative to standard outcomes employed in the
literature, suchas the left-behind’s consumption, income or labor market
responses. |
| Keywords: | migration, remittances, depression, stress, Cantril
ladder of life,happiness, Gallup World Poll |
| JEL: | F22F24 I30 O15 J61 |
| Date: | 2018–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hka:wpaper:2018-024&r=mig ;|
- Illegal Immigration,Unemployment, and Multiple Destinations
| By: | KazMiyagiwa (Department of Economics, Florida International
University);YasuhiroSato (University of Tokyo) |
| Abstract: | We develop a multi-country model of illegal immigration
with equilibriumunemployment. Two geographic cases are considered. One has two
destinationsadjacent to the source country while the other has just one
destinationcountry adjacent to it. In both cases, the equilibrium border
control provesinsufficient compared with the joint optimum, calling for
enforcement byfederal authorities. Absent such authorities, delegating border
control to thecountry with a larger native labor force can improve each
destinationcountry¡¯s welfare. In contrast, the equilibrium internal
enforcement policyis efficient, obviating enforcement by supranational
authorities. |
| Keywords: | illegal immigration, immigration policy competition,
equilibriumunemployment, multiple destinations, job search |
| JEL: | F22 H77J61 J64 |
| Date: | 2018–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fiu:wpaper:1804&r=mig ;|
- Selective immigrationpolicies, occupational licensing, and the quality of
migrants’education-occupation match
| By: | Tani, Massimiliano |
| Abstract: | This paper studies occupational licensing as a possible
cause of poor labourmarket outcomes among economic migrants. The analysis uses
panel data fromAustralia, which implements one of the world’s largest selective
immigrationprogrammes, and applies both cross-sectional and panel estimators.
Licensingemerges as acting as an additional selection hurdle, mostly improving
wagesand reducing over-education and occupational downgrade of those working
inlicensed jobs. However, not every migrant continues working in a
licensedoccupation after settlement. In this case there is substantial skill
wastage.These results do not change over time, after employers observe
migrants’productivity and migrants familiarise with the workings of the labour
market,supporting the case for tighter coordination between employment
andimmigration policies to address the under-use of migrants’ humancapital. |
| Keywords: | skilled immigration,over-education,occupational
downgrade,immigrationpolicy,occupational licensing |
| JEL: | J8 J24J61 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:206&r=mig ;|
- Long-Term Relatednessbetween Countries and International Migrant Selection
| By: | Krieger,Tim;Renner,Laura;Ruhose,Jens |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effect of the long-term
relatedness betweencountries,measured by their genetic distance, on educational
migrant selection.Analyzing bilateral migrant stocks of the 15 main destination
countries and 85sending countries for the year 2000, we find that migrant
selection andgenetic distance follow a nonlinear J-shaped pattern: at low
levels of geneticdistance, increases in genetic distance reduce the positive
selection ofmigration. However, at higher levels of genetic distance, this
pattern isreversed and migration becomes more positively selected. We
complement thisfinding by showing that the net benefits of genetic distance are
stronglydecreasing for low-skilled migrants with increasing genetic distance,
whilehigh-skilled migrants are less responsive to genetic distance in
general.Results are robust to conditioning on bilateral control variables,
includingvarious destination- and sending-country-specific fixed effects and
applyingan instrumental variables approach that exploits exogenous variation
ingenetic distances in the year 1500. |
| Keywords: | Long-term Relatedness,Genetic
Distance,Culture,InternationalMigration,Selection |
| JEL: | F22 J61Z1 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:205&r=mig ;|
- On the Role ofMigration on the Satisfaction of European Researchers:
Evidence fromMORE2
| By: | Jewell,Sarah;Kazakis, Pantelis |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study is to disentangle the role of
international migrationonthe job satisfaction of academic researchers. Using a
relatively noveldatabase, MORE2, that tracks the migratory behaviour of
European researchers,and correcting for potential sorting behaviour of
individuals via amultinomial treatment model, we find that more migratory
groups tend todemonstrate higher levels of satisfaction regarding pecuniary
outcomes. Theyalso present higher levels of satisfaction regarding career
advancement andsocial status, both crucial components in the lives of PhD
holders. Ourresults survive in a battery of robustness checks, corroborating
our mainfindings. |
| Keywords: | subjective-well-being; high-skilled migration; job
satisfaction; Europeanresearchers |
| JEL: | J28 J61R23 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:86149&r=mig ;|
- The Changing Structureof Immigration to the OECD: What Welfare Effects on
Member Countries?
| By: | MichalBurzynski;Frédéric Docquier;HillelRapoport |
| Abstract: | We investigate the welfare implications of two
pre-crisis immigration waves(1991–2000 and 2001–2010) and of the post-crisis
wave (2011–2015) for OECDnative citizens. To do so, we develop a general
equilibrium model thataccounts for the main channels of transmission of
immigration shocks – theemployment and wage effects, the fiscal effect, and the
market size effect –and for the interactions between them. We parameterize our
model for 20selected OECD member states. We find that the three waves induce
positiveeffects on the real income of natives, however the size of these gains
variesconsiderably across countries and across skill groups. In relative terms,
thepost-crisis wave induces smaller welfare gains compared to the previous
ones.This is due to the changing origin mix of immigrants, which translates
intolower levels of human capital and smaller fiscal gains. However,
differencesacross cohorts explain a tiny fraction of the highly persistent,
cross-countryheterogeneity in the economic benefits from immigration. |
| Keywords: | immigration, welfare, crisis, inequality, general
equilibrium |
| JEL: | C68 F22J24 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6992&r=mig ;|
- Migration andbusiness cycle dynamics
| By: | ChristieSmith;Christoph Thoenissen |
| Abstract: | Shocks to net migration matter for the business cycles
of some countries.Using an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium
(DSGE) model of asmall open economy and a structural vector autoregression, we
find thatmigration shocks account for a considerable proportion of the
variability ofper capita GDP. Migration shocks matter for the capital
investment andconsumption components of per capita GDP, but they are not the
most importantdriver. Migration shocks are also important for residential
investment andreal house prices, but other shocks play a larger role in driving
housingmarket volatility. In the DSGE model, the level of human capital
possessed bymigrants relative to that of locals materially affects the business
cycleimpact of migration. The impact of migration shocks is larger when
migrantshave substantially different levels of human capital relative to
locals. Whenthe average migrant has higher levels of human capital than locals,
as seemsto be common in most OECD economies, a migration shock has an
expansionaryeffect on per capita GDP and its components. |
| Keywords: | Migration, macroeconomics, business cycle fluctuations,
Bayesian estimation,structural vector autoregression |
| JEL: | E44 E61F42 |
| Date: | 2018–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2018-20&r=mig ;|
This nep-mig issue is ©2018 by Yuji Tamura. It is providedas is without any
express or implied warranty. It may be freely redistributed inwhole or in part
for any purpose. If distributed in part, please include thisnotice.General
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