In a message dated 7/14/2010 5:31:17 A.M. Central Daylight Time, Jerry Butler grandoc@xxxxxxx writes: After our lively discussions on ARbird [Arkansas Bird List] about RTHU [Ruby-throated Hummingbird] populations, I e-mailed Danny Bystrak of the bird banding lab and asked him a few questions re the number of hummingbird banders , the banding locations and the extent of the effort in bird banding for the last three years. His answer was informative for me, and I thought it would be helpful to others as well. I have attached his answer addressed to me. Hi Jerry, It would be very difficult to get the exact number of locations in which hummers were banded in a given year, but I just checked the 2009 data and there are 287 latitude-longitude coordinates. Each one may represent only one location or many. The way we store the data, it is difficult to tell. But there are definitely at least that many locations. Number of banders is easier. In 2009 there were 49 banders who have submitted banding data on hummers. Among the 49 there are certainly subpermittees as well, so that number also is going to be slightly higher. As I have mentioned before, there are still data that have not been submitted for 2009 yet, so these are preliminary numbers, which, unfortunately, may not be final for several years. Regarding change in effort, my impression is that hummingbird banding has increased in popularity and I doubt if there has been a decrease in effort in the last three or four years. As far as number of hours or days spent banding, that would be a nearly impossible number to come up with, and the best we could do would be a wild estimate. Generally numbers of birds banded cannot be correlated to relative abundance of birds except on the very grossest levels. An example of how misleading banding numbers can be in this regard is among the endangered species. As soon as a species is officially listed as endangered there is suddenly money available to study them. This translates to lots of banding in most cases. So some of the rarest species in North America actually have very large numbers of bandings. I wouldn't worry about impressions of decline in the last three years. First, impressions are often inaccurate and second, most species' populations change in a cyclical pattern anyway, with downward trends followed by upward ones. With the massive increase in hummingbird feeding, it is highly unlikely that their populations are down from what they were several years ago. These are my impressions anyway. Danny Danny Bystrak Wildlife Biologist Bird Banding Lab Patuxent Wildlife Research Center dbystrak@xxxxxxxx (301)497-5796