Excerpt: "The National Park Service's anti-Trump rebels are mounting a
potentially radical defense of the commons against capital."
Grand Canyon National Park in October 2016. (photo: HarshLight/Flickr)
<https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/02/donald-trump-bureaucracy-national-park-s
ervice-smokey-bear/>
The National Park Service Goes Rogue
By Not An Alternative, Jacobin
13 February 17
The National Park Service's anti-Trump rebels are mounting a potentially
radical defense of the commons against capital.
Shortly after Donald Trump's inauguration, the official National Park
Service (NPS) Twitter account was caught
<http://www.startribune.com/climate-related-tweets-deleted-after-going-viral
-on-twitter/411728386/> retweeting crowd size photos that poked fun at
Trump's poorly attended ceremony. Hours later, the Badlands National Park in
western South Dakota began tweeting out facts about human-induced climate
change. Then the Death Valley National Park posted tweets about the park's
history as an internment camp
<https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/12/trump-muslim-registry-japanese-internmen
t-wwii-concentration-camps/> for Japanese Americans during World War II.
The subsequent days brought more rumblings of dissent. Hundreds of
"alternative" NPS social media accounts began to appear, run by anonymous
NPS employees upset at the Trump administration's attempt to obstruct
evidence of human-caused climate change. A Rogue EPA popped up, followed by
a Rogue NASA, USDA, Forest Service, and so on. Some tweeted climate facts
relevant to their particular agency or park. Others took it a step further,
highlighting the catastrophic ecological impacts of Trump's border wall and
approval of the Dakota Access and Keystone XL pipelines.
Last weekend, in a front-page article
<https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/11/us/politics/a-sense-of-dread-for-civil-s
ervants-shaken-by-trump-transition.html?_r=0> , the New York Times reported
that its interviews with dozens of current and recently departed federal
employees "reveal a federal workforce that is more fundamentally shaken than
usual by the uncertainties that follow a presidential transition from one
party to another." The subhead inside put it even more starkly: "'Sense of
Dread' Among Civil Servants Stirs Talk of Resistance to Trump."
Ideologically fractured, divided, and contested, government agencies in the
age of Trump present themselves not just as sites of struggle but as
opportunities for real left advances - especially against a president with
little knowledge
<http://www.politico.com/story/2017/02/donald-trump-challenges-governing-pre
sidency-234879> about the workings of the federal bureaucracy.
And the National Park Service - an unlikely agent of rebellion considering
its history - has emerged as one of the most prominent figures.
Which People?
US national parks do not have a rosy founding story.
The earliest ones were set up as racist and settler colonialist expressions
of the American ruling class. The wealthy hunters, administrators, and
scientists responsible for building the network of parks had explicit
connections to the burgeoning eugenics movement. They believed that the
preservation of natural spaces went hand in hand with the preservation of
the white race. Their vision of nature - as purity, retreat, and recreation
- served their class position.
In 1872, when the federal government established Yellowstone as the
country's first national park, it did so for "the benefit and enjoyment of
the people." But the "people" largely meant propertied white men
<http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520282292> . While the Nez Perce,
Crow, Shoshone, and Bannock lived in the region, and though their paths
crisscrossed the park, white explorers deemed the land "primeval solitude,"
having "never been trodden by human footsteps."
It wasn't just indigenous peoples who were scorned by the park's founders.
Eastern conservationists were distraught by the presence of poor white
poachers and trappers, who they sometimes referred to as "white Indians." As
the founder of the hunting conservationist Boone and Crockett Club in 1887,
a young Teddy Roosevelt and his upper-class hunting partners were
increasingly dismayed by those threatening to "waste and destroy" the park.
They fought to establish a military presence in the parks to preserve the
environment for their exclusive use.
In 1916, at the behest of Stephen Mather, a millionaire who made his money
in the Borax industry, Woodrow Wilson established the National Parks Service
as a division of the Department of the Interior. Mather would become the
first director and greatest champion of the NPS, leveraging his wealth to
market the parks while partnering with corporations to promote tourism and
travel.
Double Agencies
National parks, then, were not established as oases of socialism. They were
created according to a vision of nature as the province of the white and
wealthy. But when we reduce the park system to its historic wrongs, we
obscure its power and potential in the present. The NPS is not only an
agency historically linked to settler colonialism. It is also an emblem of
mass desire.
In 2015, over three hundred million people visited
<https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/news/release.htm?id=1775> US national parks.
National parks stand as a reminder that there is more to life than work and
consumption. They provide access to a world of beauty and leisure beyond
what is given and constrained by capitalism. They stand against the plunder
of natural resources for profit, protecting land and water for the future.
Eighty-four million acres of national park territory have been extracted
from the property market and secured for public use. With a mission to
"preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the
National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this
and future generations," the NPS carves out zones of resistance to
privatization. As the fossil fuel industry anticipates the opening of
millions
<http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-energy-nationalparks-idUSKBN14V
1EP> of acres of federal lands for energy development, national parks and
monuments have become central battlegrounds over the future of the commons.
The complicated history and radical potential of the NPS can be seen in the
figure of Smokey Bear, who has recently been taken up as a mascot of
anti-Trump resistance
<https://www.google.com/search?q=smokey+bear+resist&espv=2&biw=1280&bih=627&;
source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj89ab2tYbSAhUDz2MKHWP0ChQQ_AUIBygC> .
Created by the US Forest Service for a 1944 campaign about the dangers of
forest fires, Smokey Bear remains a beloved and nostalgic symbol of
Americana, standing for an idealized version of the American past in which
the protection of nature was conceived as a priority rather than an obstacle
to progress. Yet he can also be viewed
<https://www.dukeupress.edu/understories> as an icon of racism, class
hierarchy, and settler colonialism, a border guard of the institutions that
prevented indigenous peoples, the poor, immigrants, and most people of color
from enjoying natural resources.
Split between a cherished ideal and a brutal history, Smokey Bear is
contradictory. But when Smokey says "resist," he takes the side of the
common and commands others to follow, hailing a collective force against the
Trump administration and its racist, anti-science, and ecocidal policies.
The new popular meme
<https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-hFL9vnzs6GY/WIznGdxg1II/AAAAAAAACjs/CHvUAS4-MFsn
TBH4Csub2wYKNVCim8Y2wCLcB/s640/Smokey%2BSays%2BRESIST.png> thus announces a
split forming within the NPS itself - a break with its conservative history.
The Resistance
Over 1.4 million people now follow
<https://www.facebook.com/AltUSNationalParkService/> the most popular Rogue
NPS page. The page advocates resistance to border walls, privatization of
public lands, and suppression of science. Stealing the NPS name and
enlisting it in the growing resistance to privatization, resource
extraction, climate denial, and racism, the Rogue NPS models a National Park
Service that stands up for a concept of nature as common.
The Rogue NPS movement is more than cute memes captured in the circuits of
communicative capitalism. It marks a symbolic strike against the Trump
administration. It bites the hand that feeds it, refusing the power of the
powerful. It also tells us that there are people within government agencies
who are eager to fight Trump.
For the Left, the rogue agencies challenge us to rethink our tactics in this
convulsive era. They remind us that the people who staff the NPS, EPA, NPS,
NOAA, and other public institutions are not merely state functionaries. They
are also producers of common knowledge, even potential agents of subversion.
These institutions do not only or always serve the ends of capitalism or the
state, but are themselves divided from within. If the kernel of a left
vision concentrated within these agencies has been rendered latent and
buried in the interest of state and capital, the current moment has brought
this vision to the surface.
The interest of the commons is coming into view.
<http://e-max.it/posizionamento-siti-web/socialize>
Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.Error! Hyperlink reference not valid.
Grand Canyon National Park in October 2016. (photo: HarshLight/Flickr)
https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/02/donald-trump-bureaucracy-national-park-se
rvice-smokey-bear/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/02/donald-trump-bureaucrac
y-national-park-service-smokey-bear/
The National Park Service Goes Rogue
By Not An Alternative, Jacobin
13 February 17
The National Park Service's anti-Trump rebels are mounting a potentially
radical defense of the commons against capital.
hortly after Donald Trump's inauguration, the official National Park Service
(NPS) Twitter account was caught
<http://www.startribune.com/climate-related-tweets-deleted-after-going-viral
-on-twitter/411728386/> retweeting crowd size photos that poked fun at
Trump's poorly attended ceremony. Hours later, the Badlands National Park in
western South Dakota began tweeting out facts about human-induced climate
change. Then the Death Valley National Park posted tweets about the park's
history as an internment camp
<https://www.jacobinmag.com/2016/12/trump-muslim-registry-japanese-internmen
t-wwii-concentration-camps/> for Japanese Americans during World War II.
The subsequent days brought more rumblings of dissent. Hundreds of
"alternative" NPS social media accounts began to appear, run by anonymous
NPS employees upset at the Trump administration's attempt to obstruct
evidence of human-caused climate change. A Rogue EPA popped up, followed by
a Rogue NASA, USDA, Forest Service, and so on. Some tweeted climate facts
relevant to their particular agency or park. Others took it a step further,
highlighting the catastrophic ecological impacts of Trump's border wall and
approval of the Dakota Access and Keystone XL pipelines.
Last weekend, in a front-page article
<https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/11/us/politics/a-sense-of-dread-for-civil-s
ervants-shaken-by-trump-transition.html?_r=0> , the New York Times reported
that its interviews with dozens of current and recently departed federal
employees "reveal a federal workforce that is more fundamentally shaken than
usual by the uncertainties that follow a presidential transition from one
party to another." The subhead inside put it even more starkly: "'Sense of
Dread' Among Civil Servants Stirs Talk of Resistance to Trump."
Ideologically fractured, divided, and contested, government agencies in the
age of Trump present themselves not just as sites of struggle but as
opportunities for real left advances - especially against a president with
little knowledge
<http://www.politico.com/story/2017/02/donald-trump-challenges-governing-pre
sidency-234879> about the workings of the federal bureaucracy.
And the National Park Service - an unlikely agent of rebellion considering
its history - has emerged as one of the most prominent figures.
Which People?
US national parks do not have a rosy founding story.
The earliest ones were set up as racist and settler colonialist expressions
of the American ruling class. The wealthy hunters, administrators, and
scientists responsible for building the network of parks had explicit
connections to the burgeoning eugenics movement. They believed that the
preservation of natural spaces went hand in hand with the preservation of
the white race. Their vision of nature - as purity, retreat, and recreation
- served their class position.
In 1872, when the federal government established Yellowstone as the
country's first national park, it did so for "the benefit and enjoyment of
the people." But the "people" largely meant propertied white men
<http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520282292> . While the Nez Perce,
Crow, Shoshone, and Bannock lived in the region, and though their paths
crisscrossed the park, white explorers deemed the land "primeval solitude,"
having "never been trodden by human footsteps."
It wasn't just indigenous peoples who were scorned by the park's founders.
Eastern conservationists were distraught by the presence of poor white
poachers and trappers, who they sometimes referred to as "white Indians." As
the founder of the hunting conservationist Boone and Crockett Club in 1887,
a young Teddy Roosevelt and his upper-class hunting partners were
increasingly dismayed by those threatening to "waste and destroy" the park.
They fought to establish a military presence in the parks to preserve the
environment for their exclusive use.
In 1916, at the behest of Stephen Mather, a millionaire who made his money
in the Borax industry, Woodrow Wilson established the National Parks Service
as a division of the Department of the Interior. Mather would become the
first director and greatest champion of the NPS, leveraging his wealth to
market the parks while partnering with corporations to promote tourism and
travel.
Double Agencies
National parks, then, were not established as oases of socialism. They were
created according to a vision of nature as the province of the white and
wealthy. But when we reduce the park system to its historic wrongs, we
obscure its power and potential in the present. The NPS is not only an
agency historically linked to settler colonialism. It is also an emblem of
mass desire.
In 2015, over three hundred million people visited
<https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/news/release.htm?id=1775> US national parks.
National parks stand as a reminder that there is more to life than work and
consumption. They provide access to a world of beauty and leisure beyond
what is given and constrained by capitalism. They stand against the plunder
of natural resources for profit, protecting land and water for the future.
Eighty-four million acres of national park territory have been extracted
from the property market and secured for public use. With a mission to
"preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the
National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this
and future generations," the NPS carves out zones of resistance to
privatization. As the fossil fuel industry anticipates the opening of
millions of acres
<http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-energy-nationalparks-idUSKBN14V
1EP> of federal lands for energy development, national parks and monuments
have become central battlegrounds over the future of the commons.
The complicated history and radical potential of the NPS can be seen in the
figure of Smokey Bear, who has recently been taken up as a mascot of
anti-Trump resistance
<https://www.google.com/search?q=smokey+bear+resist&espv=2&biw=1280&bih=627&;
source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj89ab2tYbSAhUDz2MKHWP0ChQQ_AUIBygC> .
Created by the US Forest Service for a 1944 campaign about the dangers of
forest fires, Smokey Bear remains a beloved and nostalgic symbol of
Americana, standing for an idealized version of the American past in which
the protection of nature was conceived as a priority rather than an obstacle
to progress. Yet he can also be viewed
<https://www.dukeupress.edu/understories> as an icon of racism, class
hierarchy, and settler colonialism, a border guard of the institutions that
prevented indigenous peoples, the poor, immigrants, and most people of color
from enjoying natural resources.
Split between a cherished ideal and a brutal history, Smokey Bear is
contradictory. But when Smokey says "resist," he takes the side of the
common and commands others to follow, hailing a collective force against the
Trump administration and its racist, anti-science, and ecocidal policies.
The new popular meme
<https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-hFL9vnzs6GY/WIznGdxg1II/AAAAAAAACjs/CHvUAS4-MFsn
TBH4Csub2wYKNVCim8Y2wCLcB/s640/Smokey%2BSays%2BRESIST.png> thus announces a
split forming within the NPS itself - a break with its conservative history.
The Resistance
Over 1.4 million people now follow
<https://www.facebook.com/AltUSNationalParkService/> the most popular Rogue
NPS page. The page advocates resistance to border walls, privatization of
public lands, and suppression of science. Stealing the NPS name and
enlisting it in the growing resistance to privatization, resource
extraction, climate denial, and racism, the Rogue NPS models a National Park
Service that stands up for a concept of nature as common.
The Rogue NPS movement is more than cute memes captured in the circuits of
communicative capitalism. It marks a symbolic strike against the Trump
administration. It bites the hand that feeds it, refusing the power of the
powerful. It also tells us that there are people within government agencies
who are eager to fight Trump.
For the Left, the rogue agencies challenge us to rethink our tactics in this
convulsive era. They remind us that the people who staff the NPS, EPA, NPS,
NOAA, and other public institutions are not merely state functionaries. They
are also producers of common knowledge, even potential agents of subversion.
These institutions do not only or always serve the ends of capitalism or the
state, but are themselves divided from within. If the kernel of a left
vision concentrated within these agencies has been rendered latent and
buried in the interest of state and capital, the current moment has brought
this vision to the surface.
The interest of the commons is coming into view.
http://e-max.it/posizionamento-siti-web/socializehttp://e-max.it/posizioname
nto-siti-web/socialize
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