Published on
Tuesday, February 23, 2021
byCommon Dreams
As Biden Reopens Texas Detention Center, Amnesty Demands Immigration
Policies That Put 'Best Interests' of Children First
"Kids need a place to call home-that's why they should be with their
families, friends, and community members."
byKenny Stancil, staff writer
Textbooks and notebooks line tables inside a classroom at a detention
facility for unaccompanied migrant children on Sunday, February 21, 2021 in
Carrizo Springs, Texas. (Photo: Sergio Flores/The Washington Post via Getty
Images)
Textbooks and notebooks line tables inside a classroom at a detention
facility for unaccompanied migrant children on Sunday, February 21, 2021 in
Carrizo Springs, Texas. (Photo: Sergio Flores/The Washington Post via Getty
Images)
Calling for any immigration or refugee policy at the U.S. border impacting
unaccompanied minors to put the "child's best interests" first and foremost,
Amnesty International on Tuesday responded to the Biden administration's
reopening of a controversial detention center in Texas by warning against
any return to the cruel and unacceptable conditions of the past.
Detaining young immigrants who enter the country without an adult guardian
in facilities like the recently reopened one in Carrizo Springs "cannot
become status quo for children," Denise Bell, Amnesty International USA's
researcher for refugee and migrant rights, said in a statement.
"A government agency is not a parent for children. We don't want them held
in detention or in facilities that don't meet their best interests."
-Denise Bell, Amnesty
"The reality is that children who are alone need to be accommodated for
their safety while the government identifies and reunites them with
appropriate sponsors," said Bell. "We don't want to endanger children."
At the same time, "a government agency is not a parent for children," Bell
continued. "We don't want them held in detention or in facilities that don't
meet their best interests."
"Kids need a place to call home," she added. "That's why they should be with
their families, friends, and community members; this in the child's best
interests."
Bell was responding to reporting by The Washington Post, which noted that "a
vestige of the Trump administration that was open for only a month in summer
2019... is being reactivated to hold up to 700 children ages 13 to 17."
"Government officials say the camp is needed because facilities for migrant
children have had to cut capacity by nearly half because of the coronavirus
pandemic," the Post reported. "At the same time, the number of unaccompanied
children crossing the border has been inching up, with January reporting the
highest total-more than 5,700 apprehensions-for that month in recent years."
The Post noted, however, that "immigration lawyers and advocates question
why the Biden administration would choose to reopen a Trump-era facility
that was the source of protests and controversy. From the 'tent city' in
Tornillo, Texas, to a sprawling for-profit facility in Homestead, Florida,
emergency shelters have been criticized by advocates for immigrants,
lawyers, and human rights activists over their conditions, cost, and lack of
transparency in their operations."
Linda Brandmiller, a San Antonio-based immigration lawyer who represents
unaccompanied minors, told the newspaper that "it's unnecessary, it's
costly, and it goes absolutely against everything [President Joe] Biden
promised he was going to do. It's a step backward, is what it is. It's a
huge step backward."
During his campaign, Biden pledged to undo former President Donald Trump's
xenophobic immigration agenda.
Although the Biden administration has come under fire for unveiling
immigration enforcement guidelines that rights groups say enable the
continuation of unjust deportations, Biden has also received praise for
reversing Trump's inhumane "Remain in Mexico" policy for asylum-seekers and
for introducing a plan to provide 11 million undocumented immigrants with a
path to citizenship.
Mark Weber-a spokesperson for the Department of Health and Human Services
(HHS), the government agency that manages services for migrant children-told
the Post that "the Biden administration is moving away from the
'law-enforcement focused' approach of the Trump administration to one in
which child welfare is more centric."
The Post reported that "HHS has 13,200 beds for children, having exploded in
growth in the past four years-adding more than 80 facilities for a total of
about 200... As of Sunday, there were about 7,000 children in HHS custody,
over 90% capacity under pandemic-era requirements."
Weber, who called "every kid that comes into this program... a symptom of a
broken immigration system," told the newspaper that it's better to place
unaccompanied migrant children in permanent shelters rather than temporary
influx shelters, but almost half of the beds in permanent centers cannot be
used due to the pandemic.
As the Post reported:
Weber said the facilities received a bad rap under the Trump administration
because many people associated them with the detention centers run by
Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). But the children always received
good care and that never wavered between administrations, he said.
The majority of child migrant facilities are subject to state licensing
requirements; temporary influx centers like Carrizo are not. However, Weber
said Carrizo would "meet or exceed" Texas licensing standards if applicable.
The influx facilities also cost more: about $775 a day per child compared
with $290 a day for permanent centers.
Weber said the influx shelters keep children from ending up in Border Patrol
stations, which have holding cells that were not designed for children.
During the 2019 immigration surge, many migrants were stuck in overcrowded
cells for prolonged periods that exceeded legal limits.
The detention centers overseen by ICE are reserved for adults or families
and often are run by private prison companies. Carrizo Springs is run by the
nonprofit BCFS Health and Human Services, a government contractor for the
Office of Refugee Resettlement, the agency within HHS that focuses on
unaccompanied children.
Most of these children arrive to the United States planning to reunite with
sponsors-usually relatives or friends of the family. Office of Refugee
Resettlement case managers work with the children to identify and conduct
background checks on the sponsors. If cleared, children are released to live
with them while they go through the immigration court process.
Rosey Abuabara, a community activist in San Antonio who was arrested for
protesting outside the Carrizo facility in 2019, told the newspaper that she
"cried... when I read they were opening again."
"I consoled myself with the fact that it was considered the Cadillac of
[migrant child] centers," Abuabara added, "but I don't have any hope that
Biden is going to make it better."
Brandmiller claimed the government intentionally locates the detention
facilities "in places that are not only not readily accessible, but not
accessible at all to anyone who cares about the quality of life of these
kids, and whether or not they comply with the federal law."
The Post reported that HHS wants to limit the duration that children are
detained at the Carrizo camp to "about 30 days, though they are coming from
at least two weeks of quarantine at other Office of Refugee Resettlement
facilities in the region. The average stay for children in custody across
its facilities is 42 days. In the 2020 fiscal year, migrant children spent
an average of 102 days in federal government custody, according to HHS."
Bell of Amnesty said "the Biden administration has inherited a system that
holds unaccompanied children in temporary facilities and it will take time
to move away from the system."
"It is important," Bell said, for the administration to "limit their use and
move quickly towards relying only on licensed facilities." In addition, she
asserted, "services in temporary facilities, like the permanent facilities,
must include educational services, medical services, legal services, case
management, clinicians, and services that support the security and health of
the children."