Well, I'm not remembering the broadcasting companies being all that
happy over having to provide time for "hard news". Long before Reagan
came into view, networks were trying to figure out how to make the
news segments profitable. I remember the newscaster on NBC channel 5
standing behind a podium and reading the news. Behind him there was a
big round clock and a string of numbers telling us that this was news
cast number 2,445...and counting. They actually reduced the evenings
local news to 15 minutes, and the same for national news. Half an
hour, usually at 6:00 P.M., followed by some sitcom reruns.
This morning I ran down the radio FM dial and noted that other than
NPR Saterday, the only other non music channels were two religious
broadcasts and one Japanese channel. Gone are all of the Saturday
morning progressive news programs.
Carl Jarvis
On 1/12/19, Miriam Vieni <miriamvieni@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
But the thing is, Tom Hartmann is describing a time when every TV channel
took its responsibility to cover the news fully and to educate the public,
seriously. The young man from MSNBC and the two very smart hosts of
Citations needed, were not adults before Reagan became President and it was
then that all of the regulations were removed and that TV news became
entertainment, and not news.
Miriam
-----Original Message-----
From: blind-democracy-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
<blind-democracy-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> On Behalf Of R. E. Driscoll Sr
Sent: Friday, January 11, 2019 11:57 PM
To: blind-democracy@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: [blind-democracy] Re: 4 Reasons Corporate Media Refuse to Talk
About What Matters
Miriam:
Bingo - You done got it right!
Richard
Sent from my iPhone
On Jan 11, 2019, at 7:30 PM, Miriam Vieni <miriamvieni@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
wrote:
I should add to this that I heard a former member and current
contributor to MSNBC, explaining on Citations Needed, that in order to
compete with CNN, MSNBC must carry the same stories. He said that
these channels were businesses, first and foremost, and they made
their money by having large audiences. Therefore, they were guided in
choosing news coverage, by what they thought the viewers would like,
not what would be informative. Keep this in mind while reading what Tom
Hartmann is saying.
Miriam
4 Reasons Corporate Media Refuse to Talk About What Matters
Jake Tapper, chief Washington correspondent for CNN. (YouTube screen
grab)
The media recently was all over Congresswoman Rashida Tlaib for
calling Donald Trump a “m@therf*cker” in the context of wanting to
impeach him. It got lots and lots of coverage, over a period of
several days, while the really big work the Democrats were doing in
the House is largely ignored, along with most other consequential issues
of the day.
Ever since the media began, in a big way in the 1980s, to ignore
actual news and go for highly dumbed-down or even salacious stories,
many of us who work in the media have been astonished by this behavior
by the network and cable news organizations and the major newspapers.
They used to report the details of policy proposals in great detail
(see this report from the 1970s about Richard Nixon’s proposal for
universal health care, comparing his with Ted Kennedy’s, for example).
But since the Reagan era, the networks have largely kept their
coverage exclusively to personality, scandal, and horse race.
Why would that be? Why, since the late 1980s, has the “news” lost any
semblance of actual news and detail, and degenerated into a cleaned-up
version of the National Enquirer?
For example, on January 3, the House of Representatives passed one of
the most sweeping political reform bills since the Nixon era,
including automatic voter registration, 15 days of nationwide early
voting, and an end to gerrymandering. Not to mention a totally
revolutionary code of ethics for the Supreme Court.
But was there any coverage of these details—or even of the bill
itself—in the media? Even though there’s no way it would pass the
Senate, it’s worthy of discussion and debate.
This is just one example of dozens of events that happen every day and
are completely ignored by the media in favor of “who’s up and who’s down”
horse-race reporting, and gotcha or scandal coverage.
Watch a few hours of national cable TV media, and—outside of a very
few shows—odds are you won’t hear any detail of actual policy
whatsoever. Every issue is instead framed in the horse-race format of
“who’s going to win this fight”—leaving Americans uninformed about the
consequences to themselves of the issues being fought over.
But the networks love scandal and conflict. So, to get issues on TV,
maybe it’s time to make them obscene.
Imagine if the Democratic Party were to enlist a dozen or so members
of Congress to go on national TV and say things like:
•“We’re going to stop that m@therf*cker Brian Kemp from blocking any
more black people from registering to vote in Georgia!”
•“Those Republicans who are blocking early voting in Indiana are in
for an ass-kicking!”
•“No more gerrymandering by those ratf*ckers!”
Alas, it’s just a dream.
Even if the Democrats did this, the only dimension of it that would
get covered would be how much political damage (or benefit) the
profanity may be doing to the politicians who are the source or butt
of it, as happened with Representative Tlaib. In other words, they’d
turn the issues aside and focus on the personalities and the horse race.
Which brings us back to the media refusing to actually discuss or
inform the American public about actual issues.
Why would it be this way in 2019, when there’s such a demonstrable
thirst for issues-based discussions, as we can see with the ratings of
the few top cable network shows that actually do discuss issues and
don’t spend half their hour with a “panel”?
Trying to figure out why this is, I’ve come up with four possible
reasons (none of which are mutually exclusive; it may be all or a
combination of them). Let me know on Twitter or call into my show if
you have additions to the list.
1. The End of the Fairness Doctrine
In 1987, Ronald Reagan ordered his FCC to cease enforcing the Fairness
Doctrine. This much-misunderstood regulation required radio and TV
stations, in order to keep their licenses, to “pay” for their use of
the public airwaves (the property of We the People) with actual news.
It was called “broadcasting in the public interest.”
Because of the Fairness Doctrine, every one of the networks actually
lost money on their news divisions, and those divisions operated
entirely separately from the entertainment programming divisions of the
networks.
CBS, ABC, and NBC had bureaus all around the world and employed an
army of reporters. At the little radio station where I worked in
Lansing, Michigan, in the 1970s (WITL), we had, as I recall, five
people staffing the newsroom, and it was a firing offense if we were
caught hanging out with the sales staff. While stations lost money on
news, the payoff was the much larger sums they could earn with
entertainment during the rest of the hour or day.
The Fairness Doctrine also encouraged a discussion of the issues of
the day with the “balanced commentary” (probably not the official
name; it’s what we called it in the ’70s) requirement. This did not
say that if a station carried an hour of Limbaugh, they’d have to
balance it with an hour of Hartmann. “Entertainment” programming (see
Joe Pyne, William F. Buckley, etc., etc.) could have any tilt it wanted.
But when a station ran an editorial on the air that conveyed the
opinion of the station’s owners, they then had to allow a member of
the community to come on the air and present a balancing and different
perspective. If this provision was still in the regulations, every
time Sinclair Broadcast Group requires their local stations to air
their “must-carry” right-wing editorials, they’d have to follow them
with a left-wing perspective rebutting their points.
2. The Rise of “Reality TV”
Reality TV grew out of the twin writers’ strikes of 1988 and 2001. In
each case, the networks had to figure out a way to offer compelling
programming with shows that didn’t require union writers. In 1988,
they mostly did documentaries on policing like “Cops” and “America’s
Most Wanted”; in 2001 they rolled out the full-blown reality
programming we know today, starting with “Survivor.”
The networks learned two big lessons from this. The first was that
“reality”
programming actually pulled an audience, and thus was profitable.
Extremely profitable, in that it didn’t require union writers and
generally didn’t even require union actors.
The second was that it was incredibly cheap to produce.
If you tuned into TV prior to the Reaganification of the news, you may
still have heard “experts” discussing things, but there were several
differences.
First, they were usually actual experts on actual issues that were
before Congress. Second, they were a very, very small part of the overall
program.
In the years since the rise of reality TV, the news networks have
discovered that it’s a hell of a lot cheaper to have four or five or
six “pundits” join a host for an hour and “discuss” the issues of the
day than it is to pay for actual salaried reporters and news bureaus
around the nation and the world.
So every hour, at least on the low-budget or weak-talent shows (notice
what a contrast the Maddow show is to this truism), plan on hearing a
half-dozen very, very familiar talking heads discussing ad nauseam the
same four or five stories all day long. (One wonders why the networks
don’t encourage their talent to do more of the kind of in-depth
reporting and analysis found on Rachel’s show, particularly since it’s
profitable and draws killer ratings. Perhaps the answer is found in
reasons three and four.)
Guests like you see on the panels that fill daytime news programming
start out working for free, and if they become an “analyst,”
“contributor” or some other title for the network are paid between $500
and $2,500 an appearance.
In a world where on-air personalities often start with seven-figure
salaries, this is incredibly cheap programming.
Even cheaper for the networks is to have politicians on as guests—they
show up for free!—which may be why they’re almost never held to
account in any serious way. After all, if you piss off a politician on
your network and they refuse to ever come back on the air, you’ve lost
another bit of “free”
talent. And if you piss off an entire political party, and your
programming model doesn’t work without “balance,” you’re really screwed.
There’s a reason people all over America are screaming at their TVs
every Sunday morning: the majority of guests are conservatives or
Republicans, and much of what they offer as “fact” or “opinion” is
merely lies and propaganda. Which leads us to number three.
3. Media Corporations Are Corporations, Too
It’s easy to postulate that the absolute lack of coverage of the
death, at GOP hands, of net neutrality is because two of the big three
cable TV networks are (or soon will be) owned by internet service
providers (NBC/MSNBC is owned by Comcast, AT&T is trying to buy CNN),
and other big corporations see all sorts of financial advantage if
they can use their financial and programming muscle to dominate a
newly sliced-and-diced corporatized internet.
Consider: When was the last time you heard an intelligent discussion
on TV about taxing the rich? Or holding corporations accountable when
they break the law? Or how destructive oligopolies and monopolies are
to workers? Or how big pharma scams us about their R&D expenses and
price fixing, buying up generic companies, etc.? The list could go on for
pages.
Back in the day, the big joke in corporate America was, “You know it’s
going to be a bad day when you get to work in the morning and there’s
a ‘60 Minutes’ news truck outside the building.” The last time this
was seriously considered was in the late 1980s, as in this article about
“60 Minutes”
doing an exposé of the meat industry. Now, not so much.
The simple fact is that TV “news” organizations are now for-profit
operations, and, lacking regulation like the Fairness Doctrine, thus
have the same natural and inherent biases toward protecting corporate
power and privilege, and the wealth and privilege of their management
and largest shareholders.
They also derive the bulk of their money from two
sources—billionaire-funded political campaigns (have you noticed how
there’s no in-depth coverage of the political spending of the Kochs,
Adelsons, and Mercers of the world?), and giant transnational corporate
advertisers.
All those campaign ads represent hundreds of millions of dollars going
right into the pockets of the networks and their affiliates, along
with other corporate advertising revenue. Lacking a regulation like
the Fairness Doctrine to require actual “programming in the true public
interest news,”
who’d bite those hands that feed them?
4. Corporations Like Republicans
The final possibility that occurs to me (and others in media with whom
I’ve discussed this over the years) is that the large TV and radio
news operations simply like what the GOP stands for. They also know
that if GOP policies were widely understood, the Republican Party
would fade into the kind of powerless obscurity it enjoyed for most of
the FDR-to-Reagan era, when working people’s salaries were growing
faster than management and the middle class was solid and stable.
TV networks don’t like unions or uppity workers or regulation any more
than any other billion-dollar corporation. They’d prefer the salaries
of their senior corporate management weren’t debated (or even known).
They prefer to live in today’s semi-monopolistic system where they’re
only minimally held accountable, and want to keep it that way.
This is the core of GOP ideology that media shares: Cut taxes on rich
people, kill off the unions, cut welfare so more of that money can go
to rich people’s tax cuts, deregulate big corporations so they can act
without regard to the public good, and subsidize big corporations with
government funds whenever and wherever possible.
But if any of these issues were ever explicitly discussed on TV, all
hell would break loose. Can you imagine if Bill Kristol or Rick
Santorum or any of the other dozens of right-wing trolls who inhabit
cable TV were ever asked about their actual positions on policy?
Should we sell off (privatize) Social Security to the big New York
banks as the GOP has wanted to do since the 1930s? Should we end
Medicare and Medicaid and turn everybody over to the tender mercies of
the insurance industry? Should we stop subsidizing the fossil fuel
industry? What should we do about the audit that found $21 trillion
(yes, with a T) missing from the Pentagon? How do we break the
stranglehold monopolistic drug corporations have on the pricing of our
pharmaceuticals?
Similarly, the networks are equally terrified of having actual
progressives on to discuss actual progressive issues—because the
majority of American voters largely supports these issues and, if well
informed, will start to vote out Republicans and vote in progressive
Democrats.
Imagine how things would go down if the networks started having actual
discussions and debates about free college education, free national
health care, the environmental impact of big oil, how well publicly
owned utilities and internet services (like Chattanooga) work?
The simple reality is that the media oligopoly and the GOP work
hand-in-glove, and the Democrats (and particularly the progressives)
have been locked out since the Reagan era.
Solutions
The solutions to these problems are not particularly complex, although
the GOP will fight them tooth-and-nail.
Reinstate the Fairness Doctrine, put back into place ownership rules,
and break up the big media monopolies so there’s a diversity of voices
across America. Overrule the Supreme Court’s (by legislation or
constitutional
amendment) Citizens United (and similar) ruling to regulate money in
politics, diminishing the power of big corporations and billionaires
(and foreign governments).
In other words, restore to America a rational media landscape.
Today, you can drive from coast to coast and never miss a moment of
Hannity or Limbaugh on the radio, so complete and widespread is the
nation’s network of corporate-owned radio stations that will only carry
right-wing talk.
You’ll be hard-pressed, outside of a few major cities, to find any
progressive or even moderate talk programming.
This has corrupted America’s politics and led to a nation divided.
We can do better.
This article was produced by the Independent Media Institute
Thom Hartmann / Independent Media Institute
