[blind-chess] Chess Article #19: Firsts in Chess Part Two
- From: Roderick Macdonald <rmacd@xxxxxxxx>
- To: Blind Chess Mailing List <blind-chess@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Wed, 12 May 2010 20:34:49 -1000 (HST)
Firsts in chess, Part Two 1900-2004
by Bill Wall
1900 1st U.S. Open chess championship, held in Minnesota and won by Louis
Uedemann.
1900 1st Moscow Championship. Won by Nenarokov.
1901 1st serious and recorded games of Jose Capablanca.
1902 1st radio match held, between the SS Campania and SS Philadelphia.
1902 1st Cuban Championship. Won by Juan Corzo.
1902 1st Spanish Championship. Won by Golmayo.
1903 1st time an amateur movie is made about chess A Chess Dispute.
1904 1st formation of the British Chess Federation, at Hastings. (Aug 22)
1904 1st British championship in 32 years, won by Napier and Atkins.
1904 1st British Ladies Chess Championship, won by K. Finn.
1904 1st appearance of the American Chess Bulletin, edited by Hermann Helms.
1904 1st appearance of Lasker's Chess Magazine.
1905 1st Scottish Ladies chess championship, won by S. Hutchinson.
1905 1st chess club in China Shanghai Chess Club.
1905 1st Czech Championship. Won by Duras.
1906 1st American Women's chess tournament, in New York.
1906 1st corres. association, the British Corres. Chess Association, formed.
1906 1st Hungarian Championship. Won by Balla.
1907 1st title of grandmaster used at Ostende.
1908 1st introduction of seconds, for the Lasker Tarrasch match.
1909 1st American chess correspondence organization, the CCLA, formed.
1909 1st official Dutch championship held.
1909 1st American woman chess author, Eliza Foot. She wrote a book on chess
puzzles.
1910 1st painting by Duchamp with a chess theme.
1910 1st Danish Championship. Won by Kruse.
1910 1st time Capablanca achieved a perfect score, in New York (7/7). He
repeated this in 1913 and 1914.
1910 1st Anglo Dutch match. England won.
1911 1st time chess players are reimbursed for their travels, at San Sebastian.
1911 1st edition of 'Modern Chess Openings' published.
1911 1st time a player played 100 opponents simultaneously, in Munich.
1911 1st use of seconds, in the Schlechter Tarrasch match.
1911 1st appearance of Capablanca in Europe, San Sebastian. He won. (Feb 19)
1912 1st issue of Capablanca Chess Magazine
1913 1st academic chess book on the history of chess A History of Chess by
Murray.
1913 1st Icelandic chess championsahip. Won by Zophroniasson.
1913 1st use of the grasshpper in chess problems, invented by T. Dawson.
1914 1st appearance of chess in the movies, from a scene in 'Wishing Ring.'
1914 1st French Championship. Won by Goetz.
1914 1st title of "Grandmaster" given to players, by Tsar Nicholas.
1915 1st opening of the Marshall Chess Club, in New York.
1916 1st major movie theme on chess Chess Fever, starring Douglas Fairbanks.
1916 1st British Columbia championship, won by Ewing.
1917 1st analysis and games of the Budapest Gambit.
1917 1st Swedish Championship. Won by Lowenborg.
1918 1st Norwegeian chess championship, won by Lilja.
1918 1st formation of the British Chess Problem Society.
1919 1st time a simultaneous exhibition was played in the House of Commons.
Capablanca played 38 players.
1920 1st USSR Chess Championship, won by Alexander Alekhine.
1920 1st Chilean Championship. Won by Peralta.
1921 1st formation of the French Chess Federation.
1921 1st formation of the Canadian Correspondence Chess Association.
1921 1st Argentine Championship. Won by Recca.
1921 1st Austrian Championship. Won by Saemisch.
1921 1st British Correspondence Championship. Won by Hamond.
1922 1st Finnish chess championship. Won by Chepurnov.
1922 1st all Danish chess championship. Won by E. Jacobsen.
1922 1st Estonian Championship started. Won by Rinne.
1923 1st formation of the Maltese Chess Association.
1924 1st formation of the World Chess Federation (FIDE).
1924 1st time an American defeated a Soviet in international competition.
1924 1st World Amateur Championship, won by Mattison in July.
1924 1st Latvian Championship. Won by Mattison.
1924 1st Tasmanian Chess Championship and 1st formation of the Tasmanian Chess
Association.
1925 1st film to deal exclusively with chess, 'Chess Fever,' made in Moscow.
1925 1st Brazilian Championship. Won by Souza Mendes.
1926 1st time a player (Sxhultz) drew all his games in a tournament, in Hungary.
1926 1st World Women's Championship Under 21; won by Menchik.
1926 1st Polish Championship. Won by Przepiorka.
1926 1st Rumanian Championship started. Won by Tyroler.
1927 1st official FIDE chess olympiad, in London.
1927 1st use of algebraic figurine notation in a magazine, in Belgium.
1927 1st Women's World Chess Championship, won by Vera Menchik.
1928 1st international correspondence chess organized.
1929 1st international codification of chess rules, by FIDE at Venice.
1929 1st simulataneous exhibition on an airplane, by Tartakower.
1930 1st issue of the Problemist Fairy Chess.
1931 1st time the USA wins a chess olympiad, held in Prague.
1932 1st international correspondence tournament. Won by Janso Balogh.
1932 1st formation of the Canadian Chess Federation.
1932 1st issue of Chess Review, in January.
1932 1st time chess included in the Maccabiah Games in Israel.
1933 1st Bulgarian Championship. Won by Geshev.
1933 1st numerical rating system, used for correspondence chessplayers.
1933 1st issue of 'Chess Review,' edited by Isaac Kashdan.
1934 1st chess federation formed to represent all the the United States
American Chess Federation.
1935 1st and only time Alekhine loses the world chess championship. Beaten by
Euwe in the Netherlands.
1935 1st Correspondnece Chess Olympiad. Won by Hungary.
1935 1st Yugoslav Championship. Won by Pirc and Kostic.
1936 1st U.S. Chess Championship tournament, won by Reshevsky.
1936 1st Israeli Championship. Won by Czerniak.
1937 1st blindfold play against 34 opponents, Koltanowski in Scotland.
1937 1st ballet with a chess theme, 'Checkmate' by Sir Arthur Bliss.
1937 1st US Women's Championship started. Won by Rivero.
1937 1st use of seconds in a world championship match, Alekhine Euwe.
1938 1st time Mona Karff won the US Women's Championship. She won it 7 times.
1939 1st formation of the U.S. Chess Federation.
1939 1st chess rating system; used by the Correspondence Chess League of
America.
1940 1st US Open to be called the US Open (before it was the North American or
Western Open)
1940 1st USSR postal chess championship. Won by Konstantinopolsky.
1941 1st USCF Open postal tournament; won by Louis Persinger.
1942 1st use of the Swiss System in the U.S., in the Texas Championship.
1942 1st US Speed Championship; won by Reuben Fine.
1942 1st British correspondence championship. Won by R. Bonham who was blind.
1942 1st US Amateur Championship. Won by Jackson.
1943 1st annual USCF Golden Knight postal chess tournament began; won by John
Staffer.
1944 1st time Gisela Gresser won the US Women's Championship. She won it 9
times.
1945 1st international sporting event after WW II was the USSR USA radio match.
(Sep 3 4)
1946 1st publication of 'Chess Life.'
1946 1st organization of the International Correspondence Chess Federation.
1946 1st formation of the Florida Chess Association.
1946 1st Pan American Intercollegiate Chess Championship. Won by CCNY.
1946 1st US Junior Championship. Won by Friedman.
1947 1st chess stamp, issued in Bulgaria.
1947 1st World Correspondence Chess Championship begins, won by Purdy.
1947 1st time the USSR joins FIDE.
1947 1st national event to use the Swiss System, the US Open, held.
1947 1st West German Championship. Won by Kieninger.
1947 1st UK vs USSR chess match, London. (Sep 21)
1948 1st East German Championship. Won by Teschner.
1948 1st article on computer chess, published by Claude Shannon.
1948 1st time FIDE runs the world championship title; won by Botvinnik.
1948 1st formation of the Greek Chess Federation.
1949 1st time a paper is written on how a computer might play chess; written by
Claude Shannon.
1949 1st British Chess Championship run as a Swiss tournament, at Felixstowe.
1950 1st USCF rating list appears.
1950 1st time the title of grandmaster and international master are used.
1950 1st Candidates tournament (Budapest). Bronstein and Boleslavsky tied for
first.
1950 1st World Correspondence Championship started. Won by Purdy in 1953.
1950 1st Commonwealth Championship. Won by Fairhurst.
1951 1st World Junior Championship held, in England. Won by Ivkov.
(June 11 23)
1951 1st formation of the International Braille Chess Association.
1951 1st time a world chess championship ends in a draw; Botvinnik retains the
title.
1952 1st international tournament for college students, held in England.
1952 1st participation of the Russians in a chess olympiad Helsinki.
1953 1st Clare Benedict tournament; won by the Dutch.
1953 1st FIDE Grandmaster of Correspondence Chess title.
1954 1st official student Olympiad, held in Oslo. Won by Czechoslovakia.
1954 1st World Student Team Championship. Won by Czechoslovakia.
1955 1st World Blind Correspondence Chess Championship. Won by R. Bonham.
1955 1st Welsh Championship. Won by Kenyon (the only woman in the tournament).
1956 1st World Championship for the Deaf and Dumb, held in Poland.
1956 1st time India played in a chess olympiad and joinded FIDE.
1957 1st European team championship. Won by USSR.
1957 1st time China offically recognizes chess and its 1st national
championship.
1957 1st time a computer plays a form of chess MANIAC I.
1957 1st women's chess olympiad. Held in the Netherlands and won by USSR.
1958 1st World Blind Chess Championship. Won by R. Bonham.
1958 1st chess olympiad for the blind.
1958 1st time Fischer wins the US Championship. He would win 8 times.
1959 1st computer program to play chess, written by Bernstein at MIT.
1959 1st time the Elo system of rating chessplayers used.
1960 1st US Armed Forces championship. Won by Hudson and Feurstein.
1960 1st formation of the Hong Kong Chess Association.
1960 1st formation of the Cyprus Chess Association and 1st Cyprus championship.
1961 1st Bulgarian to be awarded the title of International Grandmaster Milko
Bobotsov.
1961 1st US Amateur Team championship.
1962 1st grandmaster of over the board play and correspondence, O'Kelly.
1962 1st European Junior Championship started. Won by Zuidema.
1963 1st world chess champion from Armenia when Petrosian defeated Botvinnik.
1964 1st Grandmaster of the British Commonwealth Abe Yanofsky.
1965 1st university to introduce a course on chess, Moscow University.
1965 1st women's world correspondence chess championship started.
1965 1st American Open. Won by Benko.
1965 1st National Open. Won by Reshevsky and R. Byrne.
1965 1st All Postal Chess Tournament (APCT) Championship. Won by Sprenkle.
1966 1st US Junior championship, won by Walter Browne.
1966 1st match between USSR and USA chess computers. USSR (KAISSA) won.
1966 1st volume of Chess Informant publihsed.
1967 1st formation of the Andorra Chess Federation.
1967 1st computer to play in a chess tournament with humans MACHACK VI.
1967 1st chess oscar. Won by Larsen.
1967 1st recognition of chess as a sport by the Greek Ministry of Sports.
1968 1st formation of the Japanese National Chess Federation.
1969 1st use of the algebraic notation in Chess Life.
1969 1st issue of the combined Chess Life and Chess Review to Chess Life and
Review.
1970 1st time chess played in space, by the crew of Soyuz IX vs. ground control.
1970 1st time a chess tournament was held with all opponents being computers.
1970 1st time FIDE established an international rating system.
1970 1st USSR vs Rest of the World match. Won by USSR.
1970 1st ACM computer championship. Won by CHESS 3.0
1971 1st US championship for the blind, won by James Slagle.
1972 1st British Grandmaster title to Comins Mansfield (for chess composition).
1972 1st Correspondence Chess Grandmaster of the Blind R. Bonham of England.
1972 1st World Women's Correspondence Championship, won by Rubtsova.
1973 1st World Open, held in New York and won by Walter Browne.
1973 1st formation of the Association of US Journalists.
1974 1st world computer chess championship, won by KAISSA.
1974 1st book employing algebraic notation issued by a major US publisher.
1974 1st chess championship tournament in China held.
1974 1st World Cadet Championship (under 16), held in France (won by Mestel).
1974 1st Asian Team Championship. Won by the Philippines.
1974 1st time a husband and wife are champions of their country Bill and Jana
Hartston of England.
1975 1st time Americans finished 1 2 in an International event, Portugal.
1975 1st World Chess Composition Tournament. Won by USSR.
1975 1st Bundesliga, German national chess team.
1975 1st formation of the Mauritania Chess Federation.
1976 1st grandmaster to defect from the Soviet Union (Victor Korchnoi).
1976 1st English born player, Tony Miles, to become a Grandmaster.
1976 1st time a major tournament (National Open) invoked a no smoking rule.
1976 1st time an olympiad was conducted as a Swiss system Haifa.
1976 1st US Class Championship. Won by Karlins.
1977 1st time a woman won a men's event, Gaprindashvili at Lone Pine.
1977 1st time an untitled player became a Grandmaster, Larry Christiansen.
1977 1st computer (Sneaky Pete) to play in a US Open.
1977 1st telex olympiad, won by USSR.
1977 1st World Problem Solving Championship. Won by Finland.
1977 1st European Junior Women's Championship. Won by Sikora and Kas.
1977 1st US Blind Championship. Won by Slagle.
1977 1st time a computer wins an open tournament CHESS 4.5 won the Minnesota
Open.
1977 1st Asian Junior Championship. Won by Chandler.
1978 1st Swiss System Olympiad, Buenos Aires.
1978 1st microcomputer chess tournament, won by Sargon in San Jose.
1978 1st woman, Nona Gaprindashvili, to achieve the men's Grandmaster title.
1979 1st time two Interzonals were held.
1979 1st USCF Grand Prix. Won by Bisguier.
1980 1st World Cadet Championship (under age 16)
1980 1st Aspis prize for the best player under 13. Won by Litvinchuk.
1981 1st computer to win a state championship, Cray Blitz in Mississippi.
1981 1st time standard notation (algebraic) is established for all countries.
1981 1st US Senior Open. Won by Rea Hayes.
1982 1st brother sister (Harold and Bernadette Reddik) to tie for first in a
tournament, in Chicago.
1982 1st time an American beat a reigning world champ, Seirawan over Karpov.
1983 1st time a microcomputer beat a master in tournament play.
1983 1st time a computer got an established master's rating.
1983 1st video chess cassette, starring Orson Welles, Seirawan, Christiansen.
1983 1st official FIDE world championship event, World Youth Team Ch, in the US.
1983 1st National HS Individual Championship held (won by Patrick Wolff).
1984 1st satellite simultaneous exhibition, Kasparov playing New York/London.
1984 1st time the US beat the USSR in the Chess Olympics, at Thessaloniki.
1985 1st time a world chess championship was terminated (Karpov Kasparov).
1985 1st World Team Championship, won by USSR.
1985 1st Denker High School championship. Won by Fishbein.
1986 1st time a Soviet entrant played in the U.S. Open.
1986 1st time a chess olympiad played in an Arab country United Arab Emirates
1986 1st Category 16 tournament, Bugojno. Average rating was 2628. Karpov won.
1986 1st formation of the US Chess Hall of Fame.
1986 1st US Cadet championship. Won by Sherzer.
1987 1st time rated game/30 time control is played.
1987 1st Samford Fellowship, awarded to Benjamin.
1988 1st time a computer shares first place in the US Open DEEP THOUGHT.
1988 1st time a computer wins a state chess championship HITECH in
Pennsylvania.
1988 1st time a grandmaster (GM Denker) loses to a computer in a tournament.
1989 1st Computer Chess Olympiad; held in London.
1990 1st time someone passed Fischer's rating of 2785 Kasparov a 2800.
1991 1st Chinese world champion Xie Jun defeated Maya Chiburdanidze in the
World Women's Championship
1991 1st Asian to qualify in the quarter finals of the World Chess Championship
Anand.
1991 1st World Senior Open. Won by Smyslov.
1992 1st time a woman was inducted in the US Chess Hall of Fame Gisela
Gresser.
1992 1st time a computer defeats a world chess champion in speed chess.
1992 1st time the "Bobby Fischer chess clock" used in a chess event Fischer
Spassky, 1992.
1993 1st time a chess player was killed by sniper fire while playing chess, in
Bosnia.
1996 1st time a computer (Deep Blue) beats a world champion at normal time
limit.
1997 1st time a computer (Deeper Blue) beats a world champion in a match.
1998 1st time a woman (Judit Polgar) wins a U.S. Open.
2000 1st time women (J Polgar and Stefanova) were playing on the top men's team
in a chess olympiad, in Istanbul.
2003 1st time that a man/machine competition was sanctioned by FIDE Kasparov
v s Deep Junior 7.
2003 1st world chess championship in total virtual reality, played in 3D
Kasparov vs X3DFritz.
2004 1st Uzbekistan world champ when Rustam Kasimjonov wins world FIDE title.
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Copyright by Bill Wall
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