# [bksvol-discuss] Re: What braces look like in print (was Re: Re: Proofing: Is this correct?)

• From: Roger Loran Bailey <rogerbailey81@xxxxxxx>
• To: bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
• Date: Sat, 01 Dec 2012 11:07:51 -0500

From Wikipedia:
] Braces or Curly brackets { }


Curly brackets – also properly called braces in the UK (according to the OED) and US – are used in specialized ways in poetry and music (to mark repeats
or joined lines). The musical terms for this mark joining staves are
and “
brace
”, and connect two or more lines of music that are played simultaneously.
[12]
In
mathematics
they delimit
sets,

and in writing, they may be used similarly, “Select your animal {goat, sheep, cow, horse} and follow me”. In many programming languages, they enclose groups
of
statements.
Such languages (
C
being one of the best-known examples) are therefore called
curly bracket languages.
Some people use a brace to signify movement in a particular direction.
[citation needed]


Presumably due to the similarity of the words brace and bracket (although they do not share an
etymology),
many people mistakenly treat brace as a
synonym

for bracket. Therefore, when it is necessary to avoid any possibility of confusion, such as in computer programming, it may be best to use the term curly bracket rather than brace. However, general usage in North American English favours the latter form.
[citation needed]
Indian programmers often use the name “flower bracket”.
[13]

In
classical mechanics,
curly brackets are often also used to denote the
Poisson bracket
between two quantities. It is defined as follows:


$\{f,g\} = \sum_{i=1}^{N} \left[ \frac{\partial f}{\partial q_{i}} \frac{\partial g}{\partial p_{i}} - \frac{\partial f}{\partial p_{i}} \frac{\partial g}{\partial q_{i}} \right]$

[
edit
] Angle brackets or chevrons ⟨ ⟩

On 12/1/2012 9:40 AM, Martha Rafter wrote:

Wow! Thank you Roger! What is the purpose of braces? Are they used sort of like brackets? Marty
*From:* Roger Loran Bailey <mailto:rogerbailey81@xxxxxxx>
*Sent:* Friday, November 30, 2012 10:05 PM
*To:* bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx <mailto:bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

*Subject:* [bksvol-discuss] Re: What braces look like in print (was Re: Re: Proofing: Is this correct?) In the middle of your message you switched from calling it a bracket to calling it a brace. You were still describing a bracket though. I am sure that this was an accident on your part, but to avoid confusion I thought I should point it out. That brings up the question of how you would describe the shape of a brace though. Now, that one is complicated. Think of the description of a parenthesis. Shrink it to about half the size of a parenthesis and place two of them together one on top of the other and facing the same way. Then connect them with an acute angle on the rounded side and between them. The apex of the acute angle should be pointing outward. By outward I mean in the direction opposite to the word or phrase that is enclosed in braces.
On 11/30/2012 9:06 PM, Judy s. wrote:

Hi Reggie,


In appearance, brackets are parenthesis that went to a military academy to make them straight and precise with right angles instead of gentle curves. grin. Parentheses are curved, as if you took and erased the top and bottom of a circle, leaving the left and right side of a circle. Brackets are made from a square, as if you took and erased the middle out of the top and bottom of a square box, leaving the left and right hand sides and a bit of the top and the bottom of the box on each side.



Judy s.
On 11/30/2012 6:40 PM, Regina Alvarado wrote:



Thanks all. I had a major headache which Tylenol has now dwindled to slight. I knew what I was putting down but probably wrote the wrong word for it. When I got responses to both what I did and to my word, I kind of flipped out. Sorry. I am really working on doing it correctly.


Madeleine asked me to put Blank Page in brackets instead of parenthesis. Well, I have never had to put in the designation before but had seen it written by others. I actually had to play a little with my keyboard to see where the brackets were. I never have used them before myself in writing, and I never had occasion to use them at work. What do they look like in print compared to the parenthesis? Now I am curious. After searching though, I sure won’t forget where they are on the keyboard. Now I will never get another book that I need to put [Blank Page] in.

Reggie

------------------------------------------------------------------------


*From:*bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] *On Behalf Of *Lori Castner
*Sent:* Friday, November 30, 2012 5:07 PM
*To:* bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
*Subject:* [bksvol-discuss] Re: Proofing: Is this correct?

Reggie,


The asterisks or stars are the correct symbol. I do not know where the discussion of ellipses came from. Some books may use them to indicate change of scene, but this list has always used asterisks.


This list should be helpful not confusing. The amount of confusion that seems to have erupted recently concerns me.

Lori C.


*From:*bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] *On Behalf Of *Regina Alvarado
*Sent:* Friday, November 30, 2012 1:29 PM
*To:* bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
*Subject:* [bksvol-discuss] Re: Proofing: Is this correct?


Ug! Confused once again! Maybe this just getting to be too much for me? I just uploaded having put * * * between change of scenery lines. Probably will get it back! Ug. Someday maybe I will understand, but have a headache right now so will not worry about this book until it comes back! Is it supposed to be like this?

Line of text

. . .

Line of text

The utterly confused, hurting and tired one

------------------------------------------------------------------------


*From:*bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx <mailto:bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> [mailto:bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] *On Behalf Of *Roger Loran Bailey
*Sent:* Friday, November 30, 2012 1:11 PM
*To:* bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx <mailto:bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
*Subject:* [bksvol-discuss] Re: Proofing: Is this correct?


Except for one thing. The ellipsis is to be treated as a word. If it is at the end of a sentence it consists of the three dots and then an additional period for a total of four dots. If it indicates a change of scenery or scene it is still treated that way and with no asterisks. A change of scene may be indicated with an ellipsis or it may be indicated with a blank line or it may be indicated with both. The three asterisks are to be used when there is a blank line that we want to retain though. Most often that is an indication of a passage of time or an indication of scene, but it does not necessarily have to be. Whatever it indicates it is replaced with three asterisks. It has nothing to do with the ellipsis.

On 11/29/2012 11:41 PM, Sandi Ryan wrote:

Hi Reggie,

This looks correct to me for a book where the page numbers are
at the bottom.

Sandi

----- Original Message -----

*To:* bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
<mailto:bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

*Sent:* Thursday, November 29, 2012 9:43 PM

*Subject:* [bksvol-discuss] Proofing: Is this correct?

Received a book back for more editing.  Before I send back,
I am trying to proof the new way.  Want to know if this is
correct.  I understand about the font and points.  However,
have a few other questions:

1. When putting an ellipsis to denote change of scenery it
is done like this?

Line of text

* * *

Line of text

2. If the number is at the bottom of the page it is done
like this?

Last Line of text on a page

page number

Page break

3. When there is a chapter name (understanding bolding and
points and fon) it is set up like this?

First line below page break

Chapter number and title

First line of text

4. When there is the start of a new page it is done like this.

Line at top of page

First line of text

I will say thanks to anyone who helps.  Want to get this
book up and not have it come back for even more editing.

Reggie








• References: