Is the poem actually written in Japanese characters, or is it Japanese written with the roman alphabet? I ask because my synthesizer tends to crash or go completely nuts when encountering strange characters, so keeping them in a file I was going to read would probably mean synthesizer death. :-) What I am saying is that if someone found a way to retain those characters they better only have them on a separate page, and they need to warn readers that it is coming, so the reader can attempt to skip that page and avoid technological trouble. When I scanned something with Chinese characters a while ago I didn't set Kurzweil to recognize them because I thought it would be nothing but trouble, so I just got garbage like verticle bars and carets and things like that. I would say that that would make it obvious that the characters didn't scan, and should be deleted. In my book it really didn't matter though, because the words were shown in symbols, written phonetically, and translated, so the reader only missed seeing what the characters looked like, which a blind person would miss anyway. By the way, you can download a Japanese synthesizer if you would like one. It just isn't likely to work with JAWS. It is SAPI so it would work with anything that can send it the characters correctly, so maybe Kurzweil could use it, since it does allow you to install Fine Reader Engine support for scanning several East Asian languages, and i don't know why someone would scan something they couldn't read. Sarah Van Oosterwijck curious entity at earthlink dot net