Hi Nancy, Just because an RTF file with straight quotes is opened in Word does not mean that these straight quotes will be automatically converted to smart quotes. Converting from KES to RTF won't change them either. As Cindy said, whether the quotes are smart or straight in your scanned file depends on how the OCR engine recognizes them. The Replace box I talked about earlier means that, if checked, Word would replace a quote that you literally typed on the keyboard with a smart quote; it wouldn't just do it automatically during the file open/display process. Uncheck the box if you want to. In general, though, don't worry about it so much. Just scan your entire book, then follow your normal editing procedure, and perform the Find/Replaces to check for smart quotes along with whatever else you do. Those two Find/Replaces literally take me about a minute, if not less. HTH, Maria Skype: MariaKristic AIM: MCKristic Email/MSN: maria6289@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Google Talk: Maria.Kristic@xxxxxxxxx Yahoo Messenger: mariakristic@xxxxxxxxx -----Original Message----- From: bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:bksvol-discuss-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of NANCY M HILL Sent: Friday, May 30, 2008 9:20 AM To: bksvol-discuss@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [bksvol-discuss] I'm trying to understand Smart Quotes If a submitter scans and proofs in KES, then converts the book to RTF immediately prior to uploading, will that book be infected with Smart Quotes since it has not come in contact with MSWord? Thanks, Nancy girlyscream@xxxxxxxxxxx To unsubscribe from this list send a blank Email to bksvol-discuss-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx put the word 'unsubscribe' by itself in the subject line. To get a list of available commands, put the word 'help' by itself in the subject line.