In the long ago past we who used 1P21 tubes or SSP-3 with a Photodiode used standard stars (Landolt) and took data from an airmass of 1 to an air mass past 2 and later calculated our transformation and extinction coefficients for the BVRI filters we were using...... The question is............. Any one know why the same process using standards stars (landolt) with a CCD camera (must use flat field and dark frame calibrations) cannot be used to determine transformation and extinction coefficients for selected BVRI filters? Gary Frey -- See message header for info on list archives or unsubscribing, and please send personal replies to the author, not the list.