Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Got this note and link from a colleague in Kansas City. Interesting! Dick Harshaw From: ASKC@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:ASKC@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of jim s Sent: Saturday, January 12, 2008 1:04 AM To: ASKC@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [ASKC] Article about Einstein Rings this article details a phenomenon which is as significant as pulsars if it can be exploited. This chance occurance allows the possiblity of an accurate mass measurement of a very distant galactic object. This is significant, because the measurement of luminosity and mass correlated to that allows an measurement of distance from other than estimations that have been used before. Pulsars were important because they allowed stars to be measured for distance. By spotting pulsar type objects in nearby galazies the distances to those objects could be measured. At some distance the use of red shift to distance was used, but of course is and was imprecise. This may allow an object with a very large red shift to be massed, and the proper luminosity measured, pushing that measure out much deeper than before. Just as a measure of how things have changed, I took an astrophysics class in 1974, and it was assumed that the redshift would not be nailed down due to a lack of such a discovery as this. It is amazing to see things that were thought to have been "impossible" actually fall into place, and advance things in this way. 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