[SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs

  • From: "Lee Ritchey" <leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
  • To: "Peterson, James F (EHCOE)" <james.f.peterson@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>, si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
  • Date: Tue, 20 Oct 2009 07:29:50 -0700

Actually, I was being conservative at 100 mils.  A mismatch of 300 mils
total is acceptable throughout the total path.  300 mils is roughly 50
pSec.out of a 320 pSec bit interval.


> [Original Message]
> From: Peterson, James F (EHCOE) <james.f.peterson@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> To: <si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> Date: 10/20/2009 6:09:07 AM
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
>
> One comment on length matching at 100 mils : a lot of times the board
> we're looking at is only one section of the interface. There is often
> two more boards involved (a backplane and endpoint). When we say 100
> mils matched lengths, are we saying total matched length or at each
> board (so total could be 300 mils in that case)? The thread below says
> "matched at the receiver", which implies total, so the 100 mils should
> be budgeted through 3 boards.
>
> Regards,
> Jim Peterson
> Honeywell
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> On Behalf Of steve weir
> Sent: Tuesday, October 20, 2009 1:13 AM
> To: icer world
> Cc: Lee Ritchey; Paul Hurst; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; chundi srikanth;
> Lambert Simonovich
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
>
> 1) Matching much closer than 1/4 Tr/Tf offers little value by itself.  
> 100mils translates to about 16ps skew.  That corresponds to a 64ns Tr/Tf
>
> for a 3.125G link which is a little to the outside, but it is not 
> horrible.  I would rephrase Lee's advice as:  Don't take any 
> extraordinary measures to match closer than 1/4 Tr/Tf as seen at the 
> receiver.  The longer the link, the slower Tr/Tf will be.  There is a 
> good treatment on this in Eric Bogatin's "Signal Integrity Simplified".
>
> If you get very tight matching truly for free, then fine.  But obsessing
>
> about mechanical match to tight tolerances does not improve the design.
>
> It can in fact harm it if the matching is done with dense serpentines 
> which introduce their own dispersion and timing skew that is not 
> properly accounted in some tools. 
>
> 2) Continuous return path is very important.  Diff tolerates obscenities
>
> like crossing moats, but at undesirable costs.  The best answer is don't
>
> interrupt the return path.
>
> 3) Surface ground guards are more often unintended resonators than of 
> specific value.  See if the cross-talk can be satisfied with spacing.  
> If it can't, then consider alternatives.
>
> 4) I am not clear on what you are trying to recommend.  Are you talking 
> about termination at both ends of the link, or even and odd mode 
> terminations?
>
> 5) An appropriate stitch density helps with EMC and signal integrity.  
> Follow Bruce Archambeault's hierarchy on layer assignments and your life
>
> will be good:
> i. Route on one layer that faces a contiguous plane.
> ii. Switch between layers on either side of the same contiguous plane.
> iii. Switch between layers that reference planes on the same DC 
> potential that are adequately stitched together.  This is often 
> misunderstood as needing to assign a return stitch via near each 
> transition.  The point is to raise the resonant frequency of the 
> structure sufficiently so that it won't be a problem to the signal. 
> iv. If you must switch between layers that are stitched with bypass caps
>
> and planar capacitance.  Be wary of PDN resonances in the signal 
> frequency range.  These will tend to occur at much lower frequency than 
> cavity resonances.
>
> Steve.
>
> icer world wrote:
> > 1) length matching must be consided  seriously and mismatch should be
> below 100mils;
> > 2) generally speaking,the differential pairs impedance must keep
> 100ohm and   the ground return path must not be choped ;
> > 3) the ground guarding trace should keep two times of differential
> trace width away from the differantial pairs,which can not influences
> the       differential pairs impedance and avoid crosstalk issues;
> > 4) using serial and parallel matching resistors simultaneously   for
> debug ;
> > 5) changing layers is not expected,but if necessary ,you should place
> a groung via near the signal via ;
> > the above is just an advice ,and you'd better do a simulatiom to
> decide the rules of matching resistors and crosstalk;
> >
> >
> >
> > ________________________________
> > From: Lee Ritchey <leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> > To: Paul Hurst <paul@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > Cc: chundi srikanth <chundis@xxxxxxxxx>; Lambert Simonovich
> <bertsimonovich@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > Sent: Mon, October 19, 2009 11:46:36 PM
> > Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
> >
> > Length matching does not need to be tighter than 100 mils.
> >
> > It is not necessary to back drill vias used to connect component pins
> to
> > traces or to change layers.  The 0.6 pF or so capacitance does not
> > adversely affect the signals at this data rate.
> >
> > It is not necessary to put "ground" vias next to routing vias as long
> as
> > the PDS is well designed."
> >
> > "Guard"  traces have no value.  Proper spacing to avoid crosstalk
> does. 
> > The "rule of thumb" for spacing given, while crude, is not far off.
> >
> > Lee Ritchey
> >
> >
> >   
> >> [Original Message]
> >> From: Paul Hurst <paul@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> >> To: <si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
> >> Cc: chundi srikanth <chundis@xxxxxxxxx>; Lambert Simonovich
> >>     
> > <bertsimonovich@xxxxxxxxxx>
> >   
> >> Date: 10/18/2009 5:45:08 PM
> >> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
> >>
> >> Srikanth,
> >>
> >> Additional to Bert's comments:-
> >>
> >> 1) Match the lengths of the pairs exactly
> >> 2) Use a solid ground return
> >> 3) Avoid stubs by design or by using stub-drilling
> >> 4) If you have vias in the path use a small drill and a large
> anti-pad and
> >> place a ground via next to each signal via
> >>
> >> Regards
> >>
> >> Paul
> >>
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >>     
> > On
> >   
> >> Behalf Of Lambert Simonovich
> >> Sent: 16 October 2009 21:57
> >> To: 'chundi srikanth'; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
> >>
> >>
> >> Srikanth,
> >>
> >> A rough rule of thumb is greater than 3 times trace width separation
> >>     
> > between
> >   
> >> pairs. Using a 2D field solver will ultimately give you the crosstalk
> >> coupling factor for the exact geometry in your stackup, and dictate
> the
> >> routing rules you need to follow to satisfy your noise budget. 
> >>
> >> Adding GND guarding will more often than not present more issues than
> it
> >> solves. You should stitch these guard traces at regular intervals
> >> approximately 1/10 of the wavelength of the highest frequency
> component of
> >> the aggressor signal to avoid it from resonating and coupling noise
> back
> >> onto other adjacent traces. This further reduces routing density of
> the
> >> board. By the time you factor in the additional space of one trace
> width
> >> between the guard trace and Diff pair, plus the additional via
> stitching,
> >> you will find you are already at 3 times separation between pairs and
> you
> >> would gain back more real estate.
> >>
> >> Regards,
> >>
> >> Bert Simonovich
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>     
> >>
> >> -----Original Message-----
> >> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >>     
> > On
> >   
> >> Behalf Of chundi srikanth
> >> Sent: October-16-09 12:40 PM
> >> To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >> Subject: [SI-LIST] Routing guidelines for 3.12Gbps LVDS pairs
> >>
> >> Hi Techies,
> >> We have a 12-layer board in which we have lot of differential LVDS
> pairs
> >> operating at several hundreds MHz. And we have SERDES signals
> >>     
> > (differential
> >   
> >> TX & RX pairs) operating at CPRI rate-4 i.e., 3Gbps. So can you just
> share
> >> me some inputs on exactly what are the guidelines to be followed
> while
> >> routing these signals. And is GND gaurding between the differential
> pairs
> >> improve the SI?Please share or refer me any documents in which i can
> get
> >> Good information on High-Speed design guidelines.
> >>
> >> Thanks
> >>
> >> With Best Regards
> >> Srikanth
> >>
> >>
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>
> -- 
> Steve Weir
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