Rich, A quarter-wave transmission line acts as an impedance transformer: * With a transmission line having impedance Zo, * Terminated at one end by impedance ZL, * The other end of the line will see an impedance of (Zo * Zo) / ZL. If you terminate a quarter-wave transmission line in a short circuit, the other end will look like an open. Quarter-wave stubs are used a lot in waveguides, for example, to provide mechanical support without electrically loading down the signals. John Barnes KS4GL Advisory Engineer Lexmark International ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu