Perry Qu wrote: > > snip < > Also, what is causing warpage other than copper unbalance in an > assymetrical stackup ? From our experience, copper balance is an issue on > its own especially when dealing with large boards. Also consider laminate imbalance. Each sheet type (between layers may include multiple sheets) will have a different behavior. This can be seen if one looks into the efforts a vendor does in precompensating the images used before a board is laminated. I have seen asymmetric stackups get adjusted by changing the construction between layers to become symmetrical. In other words the complement that lacks a copper layer gets a surface where that copper layer would have been. Addition and removal of non-functional copper is only one part of the bow & twist scene. I would guess that Mr Sef- ton's fortunate result may have had some behind the scenes machinations as above in addition to the weight changes. This sort of situation depends a great deal on the fabri- cator's engineering expertise and will likely increase the base materials cost at least to a small extent. Best regards, -- Jeff Seeger Applied CAD Knowledge Inc Chief Technical Officer Tyngsboro, MA 01879 jseeger "at" appliedcad "dot" com 978 649 9800 ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.org List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu