[SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin

Ask them to show how they arrived at those rules. The smarter chip companies
are realizing they need to rewrite their 'bad' app notes or lose business.
If you're a small fish you probably won't get a second look from the chip
company but I suspect Cisco, HP, Dell don't tolerate 'bad' app notes...

> -----Original Message-----
> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx 
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Tom Biggs
> Sent: Friday, July 25, 2008 12:24 PM
> To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> 
> It doesn't help when you have a problem with a company's 
> chipset, and their support engineer says "You mean you didn't 
> match the memory clocks to 5 mils like our design guidelines 
> say? Well, there's your problem." =20
> 
>     -tom
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx 
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> On Behalf Of Ken Cantrell
> Sent: Friday, July 25, 2008 7:49 AM
> To: Moran, Brian P; Scott McMorrow; Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx
> Cc: Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx; leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; Loyer, 
> Jeff; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> 
> Jeff and Brian,
> That's OK, I've ignored your specs for years! Kidding of 
> course.  I do use them as guidlines though, not as 
> imperatives.  Don't get me wrong, I have all the respect in 
> the world for you guys,and like you said, you have to spec 
> for "one size fits all".  However, I think the higher your 
> routing density, the less you can afford to match lengths to 
> an artificially small target.  I length match in degrees of 
> phase, which is something Doug Brooks talked about years ago. 
>  And it's just a metric, nothing written in stone.
> Velocity*(period/360) =3D length for 1 degree of phase. For 
> the most = time critical elements, I try and keep it to 5 
> degrees or less.  It's simple and seems to work pretty well.  
> At 1GHz and a permittivity of 4.0, 1 deg of length is ~30 
> mils =3D ~5pS.  5 deg =3D ~150 mils =3D ~25pS.  I might 
> actually do 50 mils on clocks, 100 mils on strobes, 200 mils 
> on data, and whatever fits on add/cmd/ctrl.  Of course, with 
> any of the FPGA serdes with training, the matching 
> requirements are essentially gone.
> You can have a >foot of delta on some of the lines, and it 
> really doesn't matter.  CAD loves it.
> Unlike your CAD group, my CAD guys whine incessantly about 
> tight routing specs.  They are trying to put a bushel of 
> shinola in a shoe box already, and don't need me 
> unnecessarily tying their hands.  As you said Brian, it's all 
> in your perspective.
> 
> Ken
> 
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]On Behalf Of Moran, Brian P
> Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 10:45 PM
> To: Scott McMorrow; Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx
> Cc: Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx; leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; Loyer, 
> Jeff; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> 
> 
> Hi All,
> 
> A couple final comments. I think part of this back and forth 
> is somewhat due to the different perspectives one might have.=3D20
> 
> I certainly do not assume that a perfectly length matched bus 
> is a perfectly delay matched bus.=3D20 Some amount of 
> velocity mismatch will always need to be accounted for.
> However, it would seem that
> this will be there whether you length match to +/-5 mils or 
> +/-100 mils.
> On some busses we do
> recommend velocity compensated matching, which even then in 
> not perfect.
> Nor do I imply that
> just because I might spec a +/-20 mil length matching rule, 
> that my timing margins are in the 5ps realm. Rather it is my 
> opinion that you should preserve all the margin you can, 
> where you know how, in order to leave margin for those timing 
> issues less easily made deterministic.
> That is not done out of laziness.  It is done out of respect 
> for all those things that can bite your ass, and reduce 
> margins in ways not so easily restored. =3D20
> 
> I will admit, however, that I'm coming from the perspective 
> of someone writing generic platform independent pre-route 
> guidelines, where you do not know how much of the available 
> margin may have been allocated to things other than the 
> interconnect, or how many non-optimizations might exist in 
> the design. If I had the luxury of knowing the exact 
> implementation I might choose to engineer with less 
> guardband. Given all the things we do not know about the 
> final implementation, it seems prudent to preserve all the 
> margin we can. But if I were to be analyzing a specific 
> design, I might take a completely different position.=3D20
> 
> 
> Brian Moran
> MPG/MPHD/EDE/PEA Group
> Intel Corporation
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx 
> [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> On Behalf Of Scott McMorrow
> Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 5:09 PM
> To: Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx
> Cc: Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx; leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; Loyer, 
> Jeff; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> 
> Aubrey
> 
> I agree wholeheartedly about doing a margin and risk 
> assessment before=3D20 starting simulations.  In my world, 
> simulations are often an integral=3D20 part of the final assessment
> 
> 
> Scott
> 
> Scott McMorrow
> Teraspeed Consulting Group LLC
> 121 North River Drive
> Narragansett, RI 02882
> (401) 284-1827 Business
> (401) 284-1840 Fax
> 
> http://www.teraspeed.com
> 
> Teraspeed(r) is the registered service mark of Teraspeed 
> Consulting Group LLC
> 
> 
> 
> Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx wrote:
> > Scott,=3D20
> > =3D20
> >  "then you must believe that if the CAD tool says that the traces 
> > are=20 matched to 1 mil, that their delays are identical".
> > Nope.  Don't know how you reached this conclusion....
> > =3D20
> > But you make a good point; it's under-design that takes 
> less time and
> > thought.   It is over-design that wastes time.  But I think that's
> > nit-picking....   I recommend doing a margin and risk assessment
> BEFORE
> > doing any simulations.
> > =3D20
> > BTW, I'm not defending 2 or 10 mil length matching; I've railed
> against
> > that many times in the past.  In this case, I'm complaining about a
> few
> > people jumping to the wrong conclusion.
> > =3D20
> > Aubrey Sparkman
> > Enterprise Engineering Signal Integrity Team Dell, Inc.
> > Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx
> > (512) 723-3592=3D20
> > "The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it
> has
> > taken place." -- George Bernard Shaw=3D20
> >
> >
> > =3D20
> >
> > ________________________________
> >
> > From: Scott McMorrow [mailto:scott@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]=3D20
> > Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 5:22 PM
> > To: Sparkman, Aubrey
> > Cc: Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx; leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx;
> jeff.loyer@xxxxxxxxx;
> > si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > Subject: Re: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >
> >
> >
> > Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx wrote:=3D20
> >
> >     I totally agree that overdesign requires less thought.  =3D20
> >
> >
> >
> > Really now!  And then you must believe that if the CAD tool says 
> > that=20 the traces are matched to 1 mil, that their delays are 
> > identical, no=20 matter how may bends, fabric weave crossings and 
> > cross-coupled
> sections
> > were required to meet the requirement.
> >
> > In my world, someone who specifies near-perfect trace matching is
> guilty
> > of under design.
> >
> > In my experience, there are several fallacies at work here.
> >
> > 1) That the CAD tool correctly measures trace length.  In actuality,
> PCB
> > CAD tools measure the length of the polyline, which is the 
> centerline
> of
> > the trace.  This measurement can be converted to delay if, and only
> if,
> >
> >
> > *   The dielectric medium is uniform and has constant Er in all
> > directions.=3D20
> >
> >     *       Or the trace is perfectly straight.=3D20
> >
> > *   The signal propagation is down the centerline of the trace.=3D20
> >
> >     *       Thus there are no bends=3D20
> >
> > *   There is no coupling to other structures.=3D20
> >
> >     *       Vias, other traces, trace serpentines.=3D20
> >
> > 2) Delay of serpentine traces have been shown by many studies to 
> > vary=20 from a straight trace of the same polyline length, due to:
> >
> >
> > *   Corner bend capacitance=3D20
> > *   Signals cutting the corners and coupling across corner 
> bends.=3D20
> > *   Cross-coupling of adjacent traces in the serpentine.=3D20
> > *   Directional differences in PCB Er=3D20
> > *   Positional differences in PCB Er=3D20
> >
> > 3) Delay matching always requires more space than non-matched lines,
> and
> > perfectly matched trace lengths can be shown to require the 
> maximum=20 
> > amount of space.  This additional space takes away from room for=20 
> > crosstalk mitigation through spacing.=3D20
> >
> > 4) Additional space required for trace matching of a large bus
> sometimes
> > results in multiple layers being used.
> >
> > regards,
> >
> > Scott
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >     And I would add
> >     that it also takes less *engineering* time.   My point was on
> > the "Lazy"
> >     comment.  Good engineering is about making design trade-offs and
> >     resource allocation.  Which engineer would you prefer to have
> you=20
> > your
> >     team; one who spent a month doing simulations to find out
> exactly=20
> > what
> >     lengths could be tolerated or one who spends a day to figure out
> that
> >     you would still have to use the same number of layers,
> components,=20
> > etc
> >     regardless of how tight the traces were matched.
> > =3D09
> >     When I get a recommendation, I get to decide whether I follow it
> and
> >     move on, challenge the recommendation, or do my own work to
> develop=20
> > my
> >     own rules.  Personally, I want to see a "pay-back" for my
> efforts.
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     Aubrey Sparkman=3D3D20
> >     Enterprise Engineering Signal Integrity Team=3D3D20
> >     Dell, Inc.=3D3D20
> >     Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx=3D3D20
> >     (512) 723-3592=3D3D20
> >     "The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion
> that it=20
> > has
> >     taken place." -- George Bernard Shaw
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     -----Original Message-----
> >     From: Dan Smith [mailto:Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx]=3D3D20
> >     Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 2:43 PM
> >     To: Sparkman, Aubrey; leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx;
> jeff.loyer@xxxxxxxxx;
> >     si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >     Subject: RE: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> > =3D09
> >     Overdesigning always requires less thought.
> > =3D09
> >     -----Original Message-----
> >     From: Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx [mailto:Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx]
> >     Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 12:15 PM
> >     To: leeritchey@xxxxxxxxxxxxx; jeff.loyer@xxxxxxxxx; Dan Smith;
> >     si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >     Subject: RE: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> > =3D09
> >     Lee,
> > =3D09
> >     So you think the only reason someone would not do what you
> consider
> >     proper analysis is because they are lazy?
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     Aubrey Sparkman
> >     Enterprise Engineering Signal Integrity Team Dell, Inc.
> >     Aubrey_Sparkman@xxxxxxxx
> >     (512) 723-3592
> >     "The single biggest problem in communication is the illusion
> that it=20
> > has
> >     taken place." -- George Bernard Shaw
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     -----Original Message-----
> >     From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> > [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >     On Behalf Of Lee Ritchey
> >     Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 1:17 PM
> >     To: Jeff Loyer; Dan Smith; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >     Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> > =3D09
> >     The problem with inserting add length arbitrarily is what it
> does to=20
> > the
> >     routing surface.  I've seen messes around DDR2 sockets 
> that are=20 
> > totally
> >     unnecessary and use board space that cold well be used for other
> 
> > things.
> > =3D09
> >     Add length is not free nor does it take zero time.  It should be
> used
> >     only when necessary, not when engineers are too lazy to do
> proper
> >     analysis.
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             [Original Message]
> >             From: Loyer, Jeff <jeff.loyer@xxxxxxxxx>=20 
> > <mailto:jeff.loyer@xxxxxxxxx>=3D20
> >             To: Dan Smith <Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx>
> > <mailto:Dan.Smith@xxxxxxxxx> ; <si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>=20 
> > <mailto:si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>=3D20
> >             Date: 7/24/2008 10:28:16 AM
> >             Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >     =3D09
> >             In my experience, CAD folks have constantly fed back
> that, if=20
> > I'm=3D3D20
> >             going to constrain the lengths, there's not much
> difference=20
> > between=3D3D20
> >             matching to within 100 mils or 5.  Based on that, we
> often put=20
> > the=3D3D20
> >             constraints to
> >             5 mils, even though that number appears ridiculously
> tight.  It=20
> > also=3D3D20
> >             allows them to keep constraints consistent throughout a
> design,=20
> > and=3D3D20
> >             less prone to error.  And, if it's over-tight, we don't
> have to=20
> > worry=3D3D20
> >             about how much of the length matching gets applied to
> each board (of=20
> > a
> >                =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             multi-board design).
> >     =3D09
> >             For me, it allows me to ignore length matching as a
> variable in=20
> > my=3D3D20
> >             design; another place I don't have to expend energy.
> > Instead, I can=3D3D20
> >             spend it on things that are challenging and critical.
> >     =3D09
> >             Yes, you are correct that often the constraints appear
> absurd. =20
> > But,=3D3D20
> >             there are practical reasons for having those tight
> constraints. =20
> > If=3D3D20
> >             there were significant challenges at meeting the tight
> numbers,=20
> > often=3D3D20
> >             some back-of-the-envelope calculations can be used to
> provide=3D3D20
> >             relaxation.
> >     =3D09
> >             This paradigm has been in place for years, with FSB
> length=20
> > matching=3D3D20
> >             rules of within 10 mils, for instance.  Yes, the design
> could=20
> > tolerate
> >                =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             much more, but CAD folks had little problem meeting it,
> and it=20
> > made=3D3D20
> >             length matching a moot point.
> >     =3D09
> >             Disclaimer:
> >             The content of this message is my personal opinion only
> and although=20
> > I
> >                =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             am an employee of Intel, the statements I make here in
> no way=3D3D20
> >             represent Intel's position on the issue, nor am I
> authorized to=20
> > speak=3D3D20
> >             on behalf of Intel on this matter.
> >     =3D09
> >             Jeff Loyer
> >     =3D09
> >             -----Original Message-----
> >             From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >             [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >             On Behalf Of Dan Smith
> >             Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 9:21 AM
> >             To: Lee Ritchey; Moran, Brian P; sreekanthn;
> si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >             Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >     =3D09
> >             The last DDR-2 design I did I had DQS and DQ matched to
> as sloppy as
> >                =3D20
> >
> >     1"
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             and=3D3D3D3D
> >              I still had 15% margin on reads and over 50% margins on
> writes -=20
> > and=3D3D20
> >             this =3D3D3D3D included PCB impedance 
> variations and loss
> due to=3D3D20
> >             reflections.  I implement=3D3D3D3D ed more strict rules
> than 1" but to=20
> > me,
> >             +/- 20 mils is a way over burden on=3D3D3D3D  the CAD
> designer.
> >     =3D09
> >             Danno
> >     =3D09
> >             -----Original Message-----
> >             From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >             [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >             On=3D3D3D3D
> >              Behalf Of Lee Ritchey
> >             Sent: Thursday, July 24, 2008 9:06 AM
> >             To: Moran, Brian P; sreekanthn; si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >             Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >     =3D09
> >             Length matching to +/- 20 mils means length matching to
> > 3.2 pSec.
> >             That is
> >             unrealistically tight.    Why not couch length matching
> > in terms of
> >                =3D20
> >
> >     time
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             tolerance and then allow designers to turn this into
> length.
> >     =3D09
> >             I match 2.4 Gb/S differential paths to +/- 150 mils or
> > +/- 24 pS.  How
> >                =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             could DDR2 require tighter than that or even that tight?
> >     =3D09
> >             Lee Ritchey
> >     =3D09
> >     =3D09
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     [Original Message]
> >                     From: Moran, Brian P 
> <brian.p.moran@xxxxxxxxx>=20 
> > <mailto:brian.p.moran@xxxxxxxxx>=3D20
> >                     To: sreekanthn <sreekanthn@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>=20 
> > <mailto:sreekanthn@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> ; <si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>=20 
> > <mailto:si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>=3D20
> >                     Date: 7/21/2008 9:27:41 PM
> >                     Subject: [SI-LIST] Re: DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >             =3D09
> >                     Hi Sreekanth,
> >             =3D09
> >                     There is no single specification for length
> matching.  You=20
> > generally
> >                          =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >                     need to simulate and do an AC analysis of each
> application.
> >                     However, I can give you some general rules of
> thumb from our=20
> > DDR2=3D3D20
> >                     design guides. However, our guidelines are based
> on=20
> > motherboard=3D3D20
> >                     rules to the module connector. If your SDRAMs
> are down on the=3D3D20
> >                     motherboard, then you do not need to account for
> the length=3D3D20
> >                     variation on the modules.  Which should give you
> slightly=20
> > looser=3D3D20
> >                     rules then our guidelines 
> stipulate.=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >                     The length matching between DQ and DQS within a
> byte lane is=20
> > the=3D3D20
> >                     tightest constraint. Here we receommend +/- 20
> mils, but this=20
> > might=3D3D20
> >                     be overkill in some cases.
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             I
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     would recommend no
> >                     more than +/-50 between DQs and their associated
> DQS =3D3D
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >     strobe.=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >      =3D20
> >
> >                     The length matching between CTRL and CLK and
> between ADR/CMD and=20
> > CLK
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             is
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     much looser in terms
> >                     of the length window, but the relative offset
> between each of=20
> > these=3D3D20
> >                     groups and CLK must be adjusted in some cases,
> in order to=20
> > center=3D3D20
> >                     the valid window.  This offset is very much
> dependent on the=3D3D20
> >                     controller timing. Most controller allow this to
> be done
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             through
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     register control.=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >                     But is terms of the length mismatch windows you
> can generally live
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             with
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     a length window of 1.0"=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >                     (+/- 0.5") on CTRL to CLK, and perhaps 2.0"
> > (+/-1.0") on ADR/CMD to
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             CLK,
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     assuming you are using
> >                     2N timing on ADR/CMD.
> >             =3D09
> >                     DQS to CLK is also constrained. Here the overall
> length window=20
> > is=3D3D20
> >                     generally 1.0" to 1.5" wide.=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     So you start by routing and length matching your
> CLKs.  Then=3D3D20
> >                     establish your length window around CLK for
> CTRL, CMD, and DQS. =20
> > If=3D3D20
> >                     you find it hard to route within these windows,
> then lengthen=20
> > CLKs=3D3D20
> >                     as required to get the length window in the
> required range. =20
> > Usually
> >                          =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >                     this is dictated by the min and max length of
> the DQS strobes,=20
> > since
> >                          =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >                     the DQ bus has the largest natural length
> variation between=20
> > the=3D3D20
> >                     shortest byte lanes and the longest. 
> =3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >                     The controllers generally have a timing offset
> control that=20
> > will=3D3D20
> >                     allow you to optimize setup and hold by shifting
> CLK, CTRL and=20
> > CMD,=3D3D20
> >                     at the source. =3D3D3D3D3D20 =3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     Brian Moran
> >                     MPG/MPHD/EDE/PEA Group
> >                     Intel Corporation
> >             =3D09
> >                     -----Original Message-----
> >                     From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx]
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     On Behalf Of sreekanthn
> >                     Sent: Monday, July 21, 2008 5:07 AM
> >                     To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> >                     Subject: [SI-LIST] DDR2 Trace Length Margin
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     Hi Experts,
> >             =3D09
> >                     I would like to know the length matching
> requirement of a  DDR2
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             design.
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     I have two memory devices in my board (NOT
> DIMMs).
> >                     Each has 16 bit data (Total 32) ,Each byte has
> its own Data=20
> > strobe=3D3D20
> >                     and Mask signals.
> >             =3D09
> >                     Datas ,Stobes,Masks,Clk etc are point to point
> topology.
> >                     Address and other common signals (
> > RAS,CAS,WE,RE,CS,CLKEN etc...)=3D3D20
> >                     has to be routed in T topology.
> >             =3D09
> >                     Could someone please explain the rule of length
> matching for=20
> > each=3D3D20
> >                     groups.
> >                     Is there any standard docs available ? I refered
> JDEC  specs,=20
> > I=3D3D20
> >                     could n't get any routing recommendations.
> >             =3D09
> >                     How can we engineer the trace length margin ?
> >             =3D09
> >                     My Max clock would be 667MHz.
> >             =3D09
> >                     Regards,
> >                     Sreekanth=3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     The information contained in this electronic
> message and any
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             attachments
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     to this message are intended for the exclusive
> use of the
> >                     addressee(s) and may contain proprietary,
> confidential or=20
> > privileged
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >     information.
> >      =3D20
> >
> >             If
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     you are not the intended recipient, you should
> not=20
> > disseminate,=3D3D20
> >                     distribute or copy this e-mail. Please notify
> the sender=20
> > immediately
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             and
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     destroy all copies of this message and any
> attachments contained in
> >                          =3D20
> >
> >             it.
> >                =3D20
> >
> >                     Contact your Administrator for further
> information.
> >             =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                     To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >                     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe'
> > in the Subject=3D3D20
> >                     field
> >             =3D09
> >                     or to administer your membership from a web
> page, go to:
> >                     http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >             =3D09
> >                     For help:
> >                     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the
> Subject field
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     List technical documents are available at:
> >                                     http://www.si-list.net
> >             =3D09
> >                     List archives are viewable at:    =3D3D3D3D3D20
> > =3D09
> > http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >                     or at our remote archives:
> > =3D09
> > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >                     Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are
> viewable at:
> >                                   http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> =3D3D3D3D3D20
> >             =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >                     To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >                     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe'
> > in the Subject=3D3D20
> >                     field
> >             =3D09
> >                     or to administer your membership from a web
> page, go to:
> >                     http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >             =3D09
> >                     For help:
> >                     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the
> Subject field
> >             =3D09
> >             =3D09
> >                     List technical documents are available at:
> >                                     http://www.si-list.net
> >             =3D09
> >                     List archives are viewable at:
> > =3D09
> > http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >                     or at our remote archives:
> > =3D09
> > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >                     Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are
> viewable at:
> >                                   http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> >             =3D09
> >                          =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >             To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the
> Subject=20
> > field
> >     =3D09
> >             or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> >             http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >     =3D09
> >             For help:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject
> field
> >     =3D09
> >     =3D09
> >             List technical documents are available at:
> >                             http://www.si-list.net
> >     =3D09
> >             List archives are viewable at:
> > =3D09
> > http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >             or at our remote archives:
> > =3D09
> > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >             Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable
> > at:
> >                             http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> >     =3D09
> >     =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >             To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the
> Subject=20
> > field
> >     =3D09
> >             or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> >             http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >     =3D09
> >             For help:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject
> field
> >     =3D09
> >     =3D09
> >             List technical documents are available at:
> >                             http://www.si-list.net
> >     =3D09
> >             List archives are viewable at:    =3D3D3D20
> >                           http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >             or at our remote archives:
> > =3D09
> > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >             Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable
> > at:
> >                           http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu  =3D3D3D20
> >     =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >             To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the
> Subject=20
> > field
> >     =3D09
> >             or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> >             http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >     =3D09
> >             For help:
> >             si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject
> field
> >     =3D09
> >     =3D09
> >             List technical documents are available at:
> >                             http://www.si-list.net
> >     =3D09
> >             List archives are viewable at:
> >                           http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >             or at our remote archives:
> > =3D09
> > http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >             Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable
> > at:
> >                           http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> >     =3D09
> >                =3D20
> >
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >     To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject
> field
> > =3D09
> >     or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> >     http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> > =3D09
> >     For help:
> >     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     List technical documents are available at:
> >                     http://www.si-list.net
> > =3D09
> >     List archives are viewable at:
> >                     http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >     or at our remote archives:
> >                     http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >     Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
> >                     http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> >     To unsubscribe from si-list:
> >     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject
> field
> > =3D09
> >     or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> >     http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> > =3D09
> >     For help:
> >     si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >     List technical documents are available at:
> >                     http://www.si-list.net
> > =3D09
> >     List archives are viewable at:    =3D20
> >                     http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> >     or at our remote archives:
> >                     http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> >     Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
> >                     http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> >      =3D20
> > =3D09
> > =3D09
> >      =3D20
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> > To unsubscribe from si-list:
> > si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the 
> Subject field
> >
> > or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> > http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> >
> > For help:
> > si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> >
> >
> > List technical documents are available at:
> >                 http://www.si-list.net
> >
> > List archives are viewable at:    =3D20
> >             http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> > or at our remote archives:
> >             http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> > Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
> >             http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> >  =3D20
> >
> >
> >  =3D20
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> To unsubscribe from si-list:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field
> 
> or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> 
> For help:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> 
> 
> List technical documents are available at:
>                 http://www.si-list.net
> 
> List archives are viewable at:    =3D20
>               http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> or at our remote archives:
>               http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
>               http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
>  =3D20
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> To unsubscribe from si-list:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field
> 
> or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> 
> For help:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> 
> 
> List technical documents are available at:
>                 http://www.si-list.net
> 
> List archives are viewable at:
>               http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> or at our remote archives:
>               http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
>               http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> To unsubscribe from si-list:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field
> 
> or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> 
> For help:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> 
> 
> List technical documents are available at:
>                 http://www.si-list.net
> 
> List archives are viewable at:    =20
>               http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> or at our remote archives:
>               http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
>               http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
>  =20
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> To unsubscribe from si-list:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field
> 
> or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
> http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list
> 
> For help:
> si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field
> 
> 
> List technical documents are available at:
>                 http://www.si-list.net
> 
> List archives are viewable at:     
>               http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
> or at our remote archives:
>               http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
> Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
>               http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
>   
> 

------------------------------------------------------------------
To unsubscribe from si-list:
si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field

or to administer your membership from a web page, go to:
http://www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list

For help:
si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field


List technical documents are available at:
                http://www.si-list.net

List archives are viewable at:     
                http://www.freelists.org/archives/si-list
or at our remote archives:
                http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages
Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at:
                http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu
  

Other related posts: