I've read the Help files included with my 86100B w/ 54754A TDR module and I follow what happens when one Normalizes to the end of cable and/or test fixture so I understand that. There is an IFT and FIR filters being used and then FFT'ing back. I did a little check, however, and have some seemingly strange results that I hope someone here can explain. I find that as long as I am using decent high-quality cables, the Normalization routine will degrade (increase) the ristime of the step from ~30 ps (unnormalized step) to ~65 ps: a factor of ~2+. I tried this for several different cable I had laying around and they are all about the same as far as Normalization goes. Expectedly, the normalized step is cleaned up of some higher-frequency content wiggles at the top of the step. Next, I decided to Normalize to the end of the TDR module or put another way, I didn't add any cable or test fixtures to the TDR module...I just screwed my Cal Standards right to the 3.5 mm SMA on the TDR module. Guess what? I got the same ~2x increase of risetime as if I had some cable and/or test fixtures attached! Anyone have an explanation for this? Seems to me that as long as I use those "decent high-quality cables", all the Normalization adjustments happen INSIDE the TDR module!? What am I missing here...this doesn't seem right. My next questions regards even using Normalization in the first place. I often see a lot of TDR plots (with TDA Systems logo on them! ;o) ) that don't appear to have been normalized. It is probably for good reason since Normalization appears to chop the bandwidth of the scope right in half. I have been learning to use I-Connect and I'm confused whether or not I should be using the Normalization routine on my scope. Thanks, Chris Padilla Cisco Systems San Jose, CA ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List FAQ wiki page is located at: http://si-list.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Si-List_FAQ List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.org List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu