All, I've no solution for the SPAM problem either. I've used the javascript method that Stan used, and I've used the single character equivalency that's currently in use on The Project's web site. It seems that the SPAMer's e-mail bots keep getting smarter and smarter. The only method I've found that seems to have any effect is to actually show the e-mail address as a graphic i.e. .JPG, and no hyper-link associated with it. In this way, anyone who wants to e-mail someone can see the e-mail address, but they have to actually type it into the "To:" field in their e-mail client - they can't click on it and have their default e-mail client automatically start up with a blank message to send. If anyone else knows a SPAM proof method of displaying e-mail addresses, please let me know. Thanks, /Bob ------------------------------------------------------------ "I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use." - Galileo Galilei ------------------------------------------------------------ Bob Erdmann - Core Team Member & Webmaster The NGC/IC Project - http://www.ngcic.org e-mail: bobe@xxxxxxxxx