It's unlikely that the Japanese camera companies would have ripped off a valid US patent in the 1950s, for the simple reason that most of their production was intended for the US market. Even if they could have gotten away with it in the home market, the cameras couldn't have been sold in the US without risking a lawsuit. Going back to our earlier discussion, while Japanese firms could safely ignore German patents after WWII, the two countries were close allies during the war and the period leading up to it. Germany, Italy and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact on September 27, 1940, and this included a clause on economic cooperation. --- Rollei List - Post to rollei_list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx - Subscribe at rollei_list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'subscribe' in the subject field OR by logging into www.freelists.org - Unsubscribe at rollei_list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the subject field OR by logging into www.freelists.org - Online, searchable archives are available at //www.freelists.org/archives/rollei_list