Hello everyone I was interested in Henry Thomas' simulation of Dennis Renner's new FWD RWS recumbent. I am trying to help a friend design a FWD RWS tandem. Our initial attempt at making one with no design input at all was of course totally unrideable. I have tried analysing the proposed bike's self stability using the JBike 6 program and Ray Schumcker's frame geometry program, which has the benefit of being able to introduce a torsional stiffness at the steering pivot, however, as a RWS bike seems to be inherently unstable, neither of these methods give much of a clue regarding what is going to be more or less rideable in practice. I note that keeping the bike short is thought to be a good thing, which will of course give us a problem as we want a tandem! Henry Thomas says his simulation shows it might be best to have more of the weight on the front wheel and the pivot near midlength. From reading about the VelAero, I get the idea that some form of proportional reverse sense steering linkage is probably essential. Can anyone please provide any more useful design ideas before we start out again with the welding torch? Regards John Floutier