[pure-silver] Re: what causes pinholes in emulsion?

No. The developer is reaching exhaustion so is slowing down towards the end of processing. The development slows to a crawl, and if anything it helps retain detail in the shadow area as the developer left in the emulsion is still most active in the areas that are least exposed and conversely less active in the areas most exposed.
Matching developing tanks size to number of reels/rolls helps here in consistency. Two rolls in a small 2 reel tank, four in a larger 4 reel tank tank, so that the volume of developer per roll remains the same.
I have used a water stop with d-76, Rodinol, HC-110 and PMK pyro over the years all to good effect and all without a time adjustment. 


On Feb 20, 2009, at 11:54 AM, Shannon Stoney wrote:
do you have to adjust the development times much when you go from stop to plain water? 

--shannon


On Feb 20, 2009, at 1:44 PM, Russ Gorman wrote:
Extreme temperature differences can cause problems like reticulation and maybe pinholes, or missing chunks of emulsion. I think pinholes are more likely caused by using a strong acid stop bath- I use only plain water for stop bath with film. In paper the gasses formed going from base to acid can escape through the fibers, but not so easily through the plastic film base. 


On Feb 20, 2009, at 11:32 AM, Shannon Stoney wrote:
I am printing some film that I shot over a year ago, and there are lots of pinholes in the emulsion. At first I thought it was the brand of film, and one roll did seem worse than the others: the Bergger roll. But the problem is on the FP4+ negatives too. Maybe it was something in my processing that day? I seem to remember that if the temperature difference between the developer and stop is too much, like if the developer is warm and the stop is really cold, it can happen. Is that right? 

--shannon
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