I have done some testing on 10.148.5 with THOR22. The PI4TUE server is now switching to THOR22 on minute 4. I was able to compare PSK250 with THOR22 on the same channel, a 20 km path. The antenna at the other end seems to be damaged (20 dB down from its normal value). The method used was to send 3 pings each time and increase the power until no ping was damaged, and I repeated this scheme for both modes 20 times (yes, that is a lot of pings). PSK250 needed 40 Watts to produce an acceptable number of 3 undamaged pings in a row. THOR22 needed 2 Watts to do the same, a power factor of 20x. Of course THOR22 took 4x as long, and it needs 2x the bandwidth of PSk250. The free lunch still does not exist.... But it shows the enormous potential for using THOR22 for pskmail on mediocre channels. 73, Rein PA0R -- http://pa0r.blogspirit.com