so think to the 2^32 Making the calculation: 2^32=4294967296 4294967296/1024=4194304 4194304/1024=4096 4096/1024=4It seems after doing the calculation that there must be 4 gb available for a 32 bit system.
So what happen there? Let think.... Evry thing for a computer must be addresable.So the hdd has an address, the sound card has an address, video card has also an address.... so, from the 4294967296 posible addresses most of them are associate with hardware from your computer.
The rest are associated with bytes in memory. So, even windows vista on 32 bit handles only 3 giga of memory.Microsoft say that in windows vista sp1 on 32 bit they resolved this problem... Yes but the solution seems to be procesor dependent because they use phisical address extension a feature of intel processors which extends the 32 bit address to the 36 bit addresses.
So my advice, if you want to use a windows 32 bit system don't buy 4 giga of ram you will never use them.
buy only 3 giga of ram.Using more than 3 giga of ram is posible only on windowws 64 bit systems which in theory offer the posibility to use 2 hex of ram.
On ;linux the problem does not exists because there all devices are file on the filesystem.
----- Original Message ----- From: "Tyler Littlefield" <tyler@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Thursday, October 30, 2008 9:30 AM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)
ares is right; there is only a certain amount you can use with 32 bits. you have to have 64 bits to be able to use more. I think it's in the addressing scheme and the range, but I"m not totally sure.Thanks, Tyler Littlefield email: tyler@xxxxxxxxxxxxx web: tysdomain-com Visit for quality software and web design. skype: st8amnd2005----- Original Message ----- From: "Pfingstl, Alexander" <apfingstl@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Thursday, October 30, 2008 1:28 AM Subject: AW: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd) Well, when I look in the control panel under system, I see 4GB. So I would think it would use 4GB. Under XP I only saw 3,5. Thanks! Alexander -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----Von: programmingblind-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:programmingblind-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] Im Auftrag von black aresGesendet: Mittwoch, 29. Oktober 2008 20:01 An: programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Betreff: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd) wrong, the amount of memory you can use is limited at 3.5 by the 32 bit system not the version of the sistem. So even vista on 32bit only manage 3.5 giga. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Octavian Rasnita" <orasnita@xxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 9:29 AM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd) I use many applications at a time and I have only 2 GB memory. But I never felt the need to have a little bit more memory, although I could add much more than 2 GB. Of course, I talk from my own perspective, because I don't play games that require very much memory, I don't edit sounds and other multimedia stuff. Octavian ----- Original Message ----- From: "Pfingstl, Alexander" <apfingstl@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Wednesday, October 29, 2008 9:14 AM Subject: AW: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd) The only advantage for Vista is, that you can us 4GB RAM and not only 3 or 3,5. For those who use many applications at a time, this could be a reason to upgrade. Alexander -----Ursprüngliche Nachricht----- Von: programmingblind-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:programmingblind-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] Im Auftrag von Octavian Rasnita Gesendet: Mittwoch, 29. Oktober 2008 07:27 An: programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Betreff: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)And in this case, why upgrading to Vista? Just because it might have a nicerinterface for the sighted which is completely unuseful for me? As I said, I will upgrade only if MS will stop supporting XP, because the security updates are really important. Octavian ----- Original Message ----- From: "black ares" <matematicianu2003@xxxxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 11:55 PM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)try to answer your self at this question, where you've seen ever a newer windows consuming less sresources than previous versions? ----- Original Message ----- From: "Octavian Rasnita" <orasnita@xxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 11:26 PM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)Does that version consume less resources than Win XP? Octavian ----- Original Message ----- From: "black ares" <matematicianu2003@xxxxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 10:45 PM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)for the vista there is a better alternative named windows server 2008 which is vista with out content protection and for this reason working with 18% better than vista. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Octavian Rasnita" <orasnita@xxxxxxxxx> To: <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 8:58 PM Subject: Re: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)Well I guess those millions of users of Vista are those who use acracked version, and that's why their number doesn't show anywhere. :-)I think I will never use Vista. Or just like XP, I will use it, if the next version of Windows will consume more resources than Vista and MS won't support XP. Octavian ----- Original Message ----- From: "tribble" <lauraeaves@xxxxxxxxx> To: <blind-windows@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>; <program-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>; "bprogramming" <programmingblind@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>; "Science, Technology, Mathematics, SCI-FI, and more." <sci-tech@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Tuesday, October 28, 2008 8:40 PM Subject: Fw: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters (fwd)Hey all -- What is your take on the following? --le ----- Original Message ----- ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 28 Oct 2008 07:01:21 -0800 From: John Oram <norami@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Reply-To: LifeRaft <survpc@xxxxxxxxxxx> To: LifeRaft <survpc@xxxxxxxxxxx> Subject: +[SurvPC] MS-Windows Vista No Longer Matters http://www.microsoft-watch.com/content/vista/windows_vista_no_longer_matters.html October 26, 2008 7:15 PM Windows Vista No Longer Matters News Commentary. Did it ever? Make no mistake: Microsoft has moved beyond Windows Vista, which will becomeall too apparent during this week's Professional Developer Conference.Windows 7 is the future, and in many ways it's the present, too.Contrary to ridiculous assertions recently made by Microsoft CEO SteveBallmer, Windows Vista is a flop. If businesses aren't buying Vista, after waiting six (now seven) years, it's no success. Yet, during the last day of the Gartner 2008 expo 10 days ago, Steve asserted that Vista "has been extremely successful." A few days earlier, Steve boasted: "Vista is our best-selling product ever. So, if that takes too much getting over-we're not going to have products that are much more successful than Vista has been. We sold over 180 million copies in the first 18 months, quite successful." Really? But who's buying this "best-selling" product ever? "We have 180 million users, mostly on the consumer market," Steve said in an Oct. 2 speech. Oh? According to Gartner analysts Neil MacDonald and David Smith, only about 10 percent of enterprises have adopted Windows Vista. That's not a high number, particularly in context of the approximately six years between Windows XP and Vista.It's not surprising then that PDC attendees will hear whole lots aboutWindows 7 this week and very little about its predecessor. Windows 7 banners areplentiful enough, as are the sessions: Out of 194, 22 are dedicated toSeven and none to Windows Vista. It has leprosy, baby, and nobody wants to catch it. I Googled "PDC 2008," and one of the pages-not now available-is "Unveiling Windows 7 to the World." Vista is headed to as quick a death as Microsoft can give it. Someday soon, some gun-toting Microsoft executive will lead Vista out back and "Pop!" Netbook buying trends and the sagging economy give Microsoft more reasons to want to off Vista as soon as humanly possible. The signs are everywhere: The vanishing license count. Every quarterly earnings since Vista's release, Microsoft executives counted up the number of licenses shipped. There was near silence during last week's 2009 fiscal first-quarter earnings announcement. The number was 180 million three months earlier. It's now "What?" Microsoft's failure to toot "the number of Vista licenses" horn means something. Maybe theincrease wasn't that great, or maybe Microsoft is moving beyond Vista.I say yes to both. Windows client income down. During the fiscal first quarter, the division's revenue grew a paltry 2 percent year over year, but income decreased by 4percent. Microsoft has no tough year-ago comparison to account for theweak results. By comparison, Business division revenue and income were up 20 percent and 23 percent, respectively. Microsoft attributed year-over-year Windows client income declines to sales of lower-cost versions in emerging markets andon netbooks in mature markets. Considering that PC shipment growth wasstill strong during the quarter, Windows results forebodes Vista weakness. Increasing netbook sales. The product category is pure trouble for Microsoft because Windows Vista demands too much to adequately run on the hardware. So netbooks typically either ship with Linux or Windows XP Home. That netbook buyers would be satisfied with 7-year-old consumer XP is just about the onlycommentary necessary to understand Vista's market plight. According toMicrosoft, netbooks added 8 percent growth to otherwise flat U.S. PC sales during the third calendar quarter. The category is hot, but Vista is not and couldn't be. Seven had better run well on netbooks and soon."Windows. Life Without Walls." The marketing campaign should be called"Windows. Life Without Vista." If Vista is so successful, as Steve claims, then why isn't Microsoft advertising the software? Rather, Microsoft is trying to get away from Vista, abandoning a brand that it already invested tens of millions of dollars promoting. Its absent role at PDC says it all. There are plenty of other signs: Continued OEM sales of XP downgrade licenses The aforementioned 10 percent enterprise adoption Apple's Mac market share gains (35 percent in U.S. retail revenue)Microsoft is moving beyond Vista to Windows 7. Windows Vista no longermatters. If it did: Enterprises would be buying it Consumers would be demanding it Microsoft wouldn't freak out about Apple's "Get a Mac" ads The hottest new computer category, netbooks, would ship with Vista Microsoft would be aggressively advertising Vista, instead of trying to bury the brand Developers would be creating hunky Vista apps; instead, projects like Yahoo Messenger for Windows Vista are being abandoned I've long said that Windows Vista isn't a bad operating system. It's just not particularly better than Windows XP. Strange, then, that Microsoft isn't messaging Seven as being particularly better than Windows Vista. It won't be. Microsoft believes, with some justification, that Vista has major perception problems. The company clearly has decided that negative perceptions can't be fixed. Hence, the diminished emphasis on Vista; starting tomorrow-and especially on Tuesday-an increased emphasis on Windows 7. By shifting emphasis to Seven, Microsoft is treating Vista perceptions mainly as a marketing problem. Vista deserved better market reception than it got. Strange, a few small improvements could have changed everything-like startup times. Everybody bitches about how long Vista takes to boot up or wake up from sleep. Last week, one of my longtime Windows buddies bought a MacBook. Yesterday we talked about startup times. He surprised me. He had already clocked startup times: 7 minutes on his Vista notebook and about a minute for the $1,299 MacBook. That's not scientific, but it needn't be. One user, one experience multiplied by 180 million Vista licenses is scientific enough. [Please send your tips or rumors to watchtips at gmail.com]. Posted by Joe Wilcox on October 26, 2008 7:15 PM __________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind__________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind__________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind__________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind__________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind__________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind __________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind __________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind __________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind __________ View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind __________View the list's information and change your settings at //www.freelists.org/list/programmingblind
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