Does anyone here know if the habit of various oracle products to require the hosts file format to be in the form XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX HOSTNAME.DOMAINNAME HOSTNAME <any aliases> reflects an industry standard anywhere. I've come across a large number of systems now where you find lines like XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX HOSTNAME HOSTNAME.DOMAINNAME <any aliases> or XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX HOSTNAME.DOMAINNAME HOSTNAME XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX <alias1> XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX <alias2> and so on. RFC 952 (which admittedly dates from when I was still in full time education!) doesn't seem to specify the format oracle seems to prefer/require or even one line per ip address (though that seems sensible to me). -- Niall Litchfield Oracle DBA http://www.orawin.info -- //www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-l