>I can't speak for JL but basically I think he's basing cost as the optimizer's >estimate of IO's to be performed. Connor, Which type of IO by your opinion optimizer takes as base type for cost estimating? As far as I know different types of operations (FS, IRS, IQS, IFS, FILTER) execute IO differently. I mean CPU utilization is different for single IO unit in case of different operations. Another question is If cost is IO, how optimizer estimates sorting/hash etc. actions in IO units? Jurijs On 2005.01.15 03:01:20 Connor McDonald wrote: >I can't speak for JL but basically I think he's basing cost as the optimizer's >estimate of IO's to be performed. -- //www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-l