. . HISTORY: UNITED STATES: CIVIL WAR: The Civil War at 150: A JHU Perspective . . The Civil War at 150: A JHU Perspective April 11, 2011 By Greg Rienzi The JHU Gazette http://gazette.jhu.edu/2011/04/11/the-civil-war-at-150-a-jhu-perspective/ . .Five days after the Union garrison at Fort Sumter surrendered to Confederate troops, the Civil War erupted in Baltimore. Massachusetts militia, passing through the city en route to the nations capital, were fired on by Confederate sympathizers as they approached their railroad station destination. The bullets and resulting havoc left 16 dead and many more wounded. Historians regard the April 19, 1861, skirmishdubbed the Pratt Street Riotas the first bloodshed of the four-year conflict.
.To commemorate the 150th anniversary of the onset of the Civil War, The Johns Hopkins University will recall the battle of North vs. South in an online multimedia project in which faculty, JHU Press authors and editors, alumni and others will share their expertise on the war and its place in history.
.The project launches at perspectives.jhu.edu/civilwar on April 12, the anniversary of the 1861 siege of Fort Sumter, and new postings will appear in the coming months.
. . When Fort Sumter was fired on in 1861, modern America was born By Michael E. Ruane Sunday, April 10, 11:55 PMWashington Post http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/when-fort-sumter-was-
fired-on-in-1861-modern-america-was-born/2011/03/18/AFQyRuHD_story.html . A shorter URL for the above link: . http://tinyurl.com/3wzh6kz . .April 12, 1861. Capt. George S. James of the South Carolina battalion of artillery, standing by his stubby gun on the beach, holding his pocket watch, waiting to open fire
.In town, on Meeting Street, the bells of white-steepled St. Michael's church strike 4 a.m. The minutes pass. At 4:30, there is the distant flash of James's gun. A delayed boom, like a firework on the Fourth of July.
.And the single shell fired by the fledgling Confederacy is lofted toward the Union garrison holed up in the brick fort. The last few seconds of the old America seem suspended for an instant before the shell explodes, changing the nation forever.
."I sprang out of bed," wrote the diarist Mary Chesnut, who was in Charleston that night, "and on my knees .?.?. prayed as I never prayed before."
.From dozens of Confederate guns, shot and shell now rained on Fort Sumter, "as if an army of devils," a soldier inside recalled later.
.Few people grasped the ultimate meaning of the crisis that had just unfolded.
.Some sensed it would bring war. Many did not. They still believed the South would be permitted to peacefully separate from the Union.
.Only a handful realized it might mean freedom for the slaves. The abolitionist and former slave Frederick Douglass was one.
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