[lit-ideas] Re: [evol-psych] Ancient 'Out Of Africa' Migration Left Stamp On European Genetic Diversity

Dear Andrew, in spite of the demented hype of middle class lawyers, so
called feminists and so forth, there is a very good chance in my opinion
that the Clinton mafia is right. They have more experience. already they
had made racist remarks, well, they are white and they lie all the time,
which we know already.
They are ambitious gangster ready for evetyhing (you may have notice
that Clinton the 2nd and the 3rd were both visible on televisiion and
they kept harping on 35 years of service, to their wallet obviously,
what did she in 1973???0 and hey will blackmail the so called "non
pledged" or super delegate at the convention, with money, whores,
contracts, smiles, lavish dinners and so forth.
it is desirable that then the democratic voters will simply refuse to
budge and write in Obama. I am not that optimistic, so you may see the
country face have to select one of either twoi or thee warmongers. it si
not a mystery that Clinton and McCain (more so for Romney) have been
selected to continue warfare

do let me know what you thought of teh debate (myself? shameful the
inane charge of "plagiarism", nothing of substance on anything [dates of
withdrawl of troops? date of immigration reform? which cut of whihc
program? then blabbing on on bullshit that the girl thinks she can make
the masses swallow, Obama was slightly better, but certainly not
aggressive enough, the Clinton candidate is part of a monarchich plot to
fuck up demmocracy, they even started showing the daughter!!!)
On Fri, 22
Feb 2008, Julienne wrote:

>
> Ancient 'Out Of Africa' Migration Left Stamp On European Genetic Diversity
>
> ScienceDaily (Feb. 22, 2008) Human migration from Africa to Europe more
> than 30,000 years ago appears to have left a mark on the genes of Europeans
> today.
>
> A Cornell-led study, reported in the Feb. 21 issue of the journal Nature,
> compared more than 10,000 sequenced genes from 15 African-Americans and 20
> European-Americans. The results suggest that European populations have
> proportionately more harmful variations, though it is unclear what effects
> these variations actually may have on the overall health of Europeans.
>
> Computer simulations suggest that the first Europeans comprised small and
> less diverse populations. That would have allowed mildly harmful genetic
> variations within those populations to become more frequent over time, the
> researchers report.
>
> "What we may be seeing is a 'population genetic echo' of the founding of
> Europe," said Carlos Bustamante, assistant professor of biological
> statistics and computational biology at Cornell and senior co-author with
> Andrew Clark, a professor of molecular biology and genetics.
>
> "Since we tend to think of European populations as quite large, we did not
> expect to see a significant difference in the distribution of neutral and
> deleterious variation between the two populations," said Bustamante. "It
> was quite surprising, but when we cross-checked our results to data sets
> gathered by other groups, we found the same trend."
>
> The researchers focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), where a
> single DNA base pair (the smallest structural unit) in a gene's sequence
> had been altered. Genetic variations were classified as to whether a SNP
> was found in one or both populations. Some of these genetic changes led to
> amino acid changes in the proteins that the genes express, while others had
> no effect.
>
> Collaborators at Max Planck Institute in Tübingen, Germany, and Harvard
> Medical School analyzed the amino acid changes and used a computer
> algorithm to predict whether the changes alter a protein's structure or
> function, and classified the changes into three categories: benign,
> possibly damaging or probably damaging.
>
> Using that information, the Cornell group found that the European sample,
> while showing overall less genetic variation, had proportionately more
> amino acid changes and proportionately more harmful amino acid single
> nucleotide polymorphisms than the African sample.
>
> "It's difficult to tell what the precise impact that a higher proportion of
> deleterious single nucleotide polymorphisms in the population will have on
> the average person's health," said Kirk Lohmueller, a graduate student in
> both Bustamante's and Clark's labs and the paper's lead author. "More
> detailed studies that involve sequencing many individuals both with and
> without certain diseases would better enable us to get at this question."
>
> Future research may also reveal similar signatures as other populations
> left Africa for other geographic destinations.
>
> Other Cornell co-authors include Amit Indap, Adam Boyko and Ryan Hernandez
> as well as Rasmus Nielsen, a former Cornell faculty member now at the
> University of Copenhagen, and Melissa Hubisz, a former Cornell programmer
> now at the University of Chicago. Celera Diagnostics performed the gene
> sequences.
>
> The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and National
> Science Foundation.
>
> Adapted from materials provided by Cornell University.
>
>
> http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080220132608.htm
>
>
>
> You are loving when your own pain does not blind you to the pain of others.
> Julienne's Blog: www.myspace.com/youandthecosmos.New Blog:The Solar
> Eclipses and the Coming Elections
> Radio: "You and the Cosmos" WHRWFM.org, 90.5 FM,
> Join us at EvolPsych@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
>
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