John, what Eric wrote was pretty much what I had in mind, and I most certainly do not WANT this to happen but am afraid it will. Garton Ash's piece posted previously is a pretty good assessment of where this is heading. Nuclear power nor nuclear weapons makes no sense what so ever to Iran - for energy security (they've got enough natural gas to last centuries and I would guess hydro-power would be possible too if for some reason they had an eco-awakening) - financially, see above - militarily, this is not Soviet Union II, they have no resources to take on USA on an arms race nor build a credible deterrent - politically, they already were offered pretty much everything they can reasonably hope and declined. That is the whole hullabaloo is pure internal politics, and part of an effort to maintain a corrupt and dysfunctional government by directing public anger to external enemy. (Yes, I do realize the same could be said of Bush administration but there is a difference in degree here in corruptness, dysfunctionality and instability). It is politics 101. Politics 102 would cover the ways this strategy backfires. Once you convince the public that all is wrong because of the Great Satan, it becomes very hard to make peace with the Great Satan. The impression that the diplomats and the press that covers them had was that the nuclear program was simply a bargaining chip Iranians would use to get concessions in other fronts. It seems that the Iranian diplomats themselves thought so. Now it has become a matter of principal and national pride, that is the Iranian negotiators have nothing to bargain with. Same applies to so-called asymmetric warfare. The basic idea is that the weaker party in a conflict moves from conventional centralized military operations (symmetric) to decentralized total warfare. Everything connected to the opponent becomes a target, war is waged using guerrilla or terrorist tactics. The idea being that the opponent will rather quit than bear the casualties. Two things to note here, the ethical implication of murdering innocent civilians would be third. First, the whole decentralized nature of operations means they are nearly impossible to control. It is easy to arm some independent guerrilla groups and start a civil war, disarming the groups and ending the civil war is very difficult. Iranians could train terrorist cells at large scale, but after that they take a life of their own, see CIA and Al-Qaeda for example. Second, the assumption here is that the opponent will not resort to total warfare by conventional military means in retaliation. UK, a liberal democracy, had no problem revenging the London bombings by torching half of German cities in the last total war we had. Given what Ash predicts, dirty bombs in London, terror strikes all over UK, does anyone seriously expect millions of Brits to go out and demonstrate against carpet bombing (or worse) of Teheran? The Red Brigades terrorizing Europe back in 70s and 80s explicitly aimed at escalation of the conflict, forcing the violence machine to show its true black boots nature hidden beyond bourgeois facade, or something to that effect. The actual damage they caused wasn't nearly enough to force such a response. The governing forces in Iran inciting hatred through state controlled media and in some cases actively sponsoring terrorism, do not want an escalation, just enough conflict for population control. This is a difficult juggling act that probably will quite literally blow up in their face. It's really all up to Iran. There is no reason to believe that any White House (or EU, Russia, China in order of conviction...) would be willing to simply live with nuclear armed Iran, nor do I think they should be. As for the obvious counter-argument, North Korea isn't in the Middle-East. USA will not budge. Barring a change in leadership, Iran will not budge. To further complicate things, like you know who, Ahmadinejad reportedly is an honestly stupid man. How does the saying go, like watching a train wreck in slow motion? Yours, Teemu Helsinki, Finland __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html